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Neuromuscular drugs are chemical agents that are used to alter the transmission of nerve impulses to muscles, causing effects such as temporary paralysis of targeted skeletal muscles. Most neuromuscular drugs are available as quaternary ammonium compounds which are derived from acetylcholine (ACh). [ 1 ] This allows neuromuscular drugs to act ...
A muscle relaxant is a drug that affects skeletal muscle function and decreases the muscle tone. It may be used to alleviate symptoms such as muscle spasms, pain, and hyperreflexia. The term "muscle relaxant" is used to refer to two major therapeutic groups: neuromuscular blockers and spasmolytics. Neuromuscular blockers act by interfering with ...
Hydromorphone, also known as dihydromorphinone, and sold under the brand name Dilaudid among others, is a morphinan opioid used to treat moderate to severe pain. [7] Typically, long-term use is only recommended for pain due to cancer. [9] It may be used by mouth or by injection into a vein, muscle, or under the skin. [7]
Tramadol, sold under the brand name Ultram among others, [ 1 ] is an opioid pain medication and a serotonin–norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor (SNRI) used to treat moderately severe pain. [ 3 ][ 14 ] When taken by mouth in an immediate-release formulation, the onset of pain relief usually begins within an hour. [ 3 ]
An analgesic drug, also called simply an analgesic, antalgic, pain reliever, or painkiller, is any member of the group of drugs used for pain management.Analgesics are conceptually distinct from anesthetics, which temporarily reduce, and in some instances eliminate, sensation, although analgesia and anesthesia are neurophysiologically overlapping and thus various drugs have both analgesic and ...
Neuromuscular-blocking drugs, or Neuromuscular blocking agents (NMBAs), block transmission at the neuromuscular junction, [ 1 ] causing paralysis of the affected skeletal muscles. This is accomplished via their action on the post-synaptic acetylcholine (Nm) receptors. In clinical use, neuromuscular block is used adjunctively to anesthesia to ...
Carisoprodol. Carisoprodol, sold under the brand name Soma among others, is a medication used for musculoskeletal pain. [6] Effects generally begin within half an hour and last for up to six hours. [6] It is taken orally (by mouth). [6] Common side effects include headache, dizziness, and sleepiness. [6]
An opiate is an alkaloid substance derived from opium (or poppy straw). [1] It differs from the similar term opioid in that the latter is used to designate all substances, both natural and synthetic, that bind to opioid receptors in the brain (including antagonists). [2] Opiates are alkaloid compounds naturally found in the opium poppy plant ...
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