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Harmonic generation (HG, also called multiple harmonic generation) is a nonlinear optical process in which photons with the same frequency interact with a nonlinear material, are "combined", and generate a new photon with times the energy of the initial photons (equivalently, times the frequency and the wavelength divided by ).
Quantum optics. Quantum optics is a branch of atomic, molecular, and optical physics dealing with how individual quanta of light, known as photons, interact with atoms and molecules. It includes the study of the particle-like properties of photons. Photons have been used to test many of the counter-intuitive predictions of quantum mechanics ...
A laser is a device that emits light through a process of optical amplification based on the stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation. The word laser is an anacronym that originated as an acronym for light amplification by stimulated emission of radiation.
e. Atomic, molecular, and optical physics (AMO) is the study of matter –matter and light –matter interactions, at the scale of one or a few atoms [1] and energy scales around several electron volts. [2]: 1356 [3] The three areas are closely interrelated. AMO theory includes classical, semi-classical and quantum treatments.
Photolithography (also known as optical lithography) is a process used in the manufacturing of integrated circuits. It involves using light to transfer a pattern onto a substrate, typically a silicon wafer. The process begins with a photosensitive material, called a photoresist, being applied to the substrate.
Laser types with distinct laser lines are shown above the wavelength bar, while below are shown lasers that can emit in a wavelength range. The height of the lines and bars gives an indication of the maximal power/pulse energy commercially available, while the color codifies the type of laser material (see the figure description for details).
Laser using an optical fiber as the active gain medium. A fiber laser(or fibre laserin Commonwealth English) is a laserin which the active gain mediumis an optical fiberdoped with rare-earth elementssuch as erbium, ytterbium, neodymium, dysprosium, praseodymium, thuliumand holmium. They are related to doped fiber amplifiers, which provide light ...
Laser light is a type of stimulated emission of radiation. Stimulated emission is the process by which an incoming photon of a specific frequency can interact with an excited atomic electron (or other excited molecular state), causing it to drop to a lower energy level. The liberated energy transfers to the electromagnetic field, creating a new ...