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  2. Corneal abrasion - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Corneal_abrasion

    A corneal abrasion after staining with fluorescein, it is the green mark on the eye. Corneal abrasion is a scratch to the surface of the cornea of the eye. [ 3] Symptoms include pain, redness, light sensitivity, and a feeling like a foreign body is in the eye. [ 1] Most people recover completely within three days.

  3. Radial keratotomy - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Radial_keratotomy

    The corneal curvature has to remeasured and modified by history, central keratometry, or contact lens method. [citation needed] Selecting intraocular lenses for cataract surgery in patients who have undergone any refractive surgery has proven challenging and is associated with decreased accuracy in lens selection.

  4. Astigmatism - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Astigmatism

    Astigmatism, whether it is regular or irregular, is caused by some combination of external (corneal surface) and internal (posterior corneal surface, human lens, fluids, retina, and eye-brain interface) optical properties. In some people, the external optics may have the greater influence, and in other people, the internal optics may predominate.

  5. Refractive error - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Refractive_error

    In order to see a clear image, the eye must focus rays of light on to the light-sensing part of the eye - the retina, which is located in the back of the eye.This focusing - called refraction - is performed mainly by the cornea and the lens, which are located at the front of the eye, the anterior segment.

  6. Acanthamoeba keratitis - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acanthamoeba_keratitis

    1.2–3 million people per year; 1 per 10,000 contact wearers [1] Acanthamoeba keratitis ( AK) is a rare disease in which amoebae of the genus Acanthamoeba invade the clear portion of the front ( cornea) of the eye. It affects roughly 100 people in the United States each year. [2] Acanthamoeba are protozoa found nearly ubiquitously in soil and ...

  7. Contact lens - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Contact_lens

    Artist's impression of Leonardo's method for neutralizing the refractive power of the cornea. Leonardo da Vinci is frequently credited with introducing the idea of contact lenses in his 1508 Codex of the eye, Manual D, [9] wherein he described a method of directly altering corneal power by either submerging the head in a bowl of water or wearing a water-filled glass hemisphere over the eye.

  8. Intraocular lens - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Intraocular_lens

    Intraocular lens. An Intraocular lens ( IOL) is a lens implanted in the eye usually as part of a treatment for cataracts or for correcting other vision problems such as short sightedness and long sightedness; a form of refractive surgery. If the natural lens is left in the eye, the IOL is known as phakic, otherwise it is a pseudophakic lens (or ...

  9. List of optometric abbreviations - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_optometric...

    Description ( notes ) AC. Anterior chamber. fluid-filled space between the iris and the endothelium. AC 4/4. Grade 4 anterior chamber angle. open angle between cornea and iris. AC 3/4. Grade 3 anterior chamber angle.