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Olaf Scholz ( German: [ˈoːlaf ˈʃɔlts] ⓘ; born 14 June 1958) is a German politician who has been the chancellor of Germany since 8 December 2021. A member of the Social Democratic Party (SPD), he previously served as Vice Chancellor in the fourth Merkel cabinet and as Federal Minister of Finance from 2018 to 2021.
The chancellor of Germany, officially the federal chancellor of the Federal Republic of Germany, [ a] is the head of the federal government of Germany, and the commander-in-chief of the German Armed Forces during wartime. [ b] The chancellor is the chief executive of the Federal Cabinet and heads the executive branch.
The president of Germany, officially titled the Federal President of the Federal Republic of Germany (German: Bundespräsident der Bundesrepublik Deutschland ), [ 2] is the head of state of Germany . Under the 1949 constitution (Basic Law) Germany has a parliamentary system of government in which the chancellor (similar to a prime minister or ...
The chancellor of Germany [1] is the political leader of Germany and the head of the federal government. The office holder is responsible for selecting all other members of the government and chairing cabinet meetings. [2] The office was created in the North German Confederation in 1867, [3] when Otto von Bismarck became the first chancellor.
In April–May 1945, Karl Dönitz briefly became President upon the suicide of Hitler (in accordance with Hitler's last will and testament). The Basic Law for the Federal Republic of Germany of May 1949 created the office of Federal President of the Federal Republic of Germany (German: Bundespräsident der Bundesrepublik Deutschland).
Angela Dorothea Merkel ( German: [aŋˈɡɪːla doʁoˈteːa ˈmɛʁkl̩] ⓘ; [ a] née Kasner; born 17 July 1954) is a German retired politician who served as Chancellor of Germany from 2005 to 2021 and was the first woman to hold that office. She previously served as Leader of the Opposition from 2002 to 2005 and as Leader of the Christian ...
For political system in Germany, see Politics of Germany. The Federal Cabinet (German: Bundeskabinettpronounced [ˈbʊndəskabiˌnɛt] ⓘ ), or according to the German Basic Law, the Federal Government (German: Bundesregierung ), is the chief executive body of the Federal Republic of Germany. It consists of the Federal Chancellor and cabinet ...
The German head of state is the federal president. As in Germany's parliamentary system of government, the federal chancellor runs the government and day-to-day politics, while the role of the federal president is mostly ceremonial. The federal president, by their actions and public appearances, represents the state itself, its existence, its ...