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The Whirlpool hash function is a Merkle–Damgård construction based on an AES -like block cipher W in Miyaguchi–Preneel mode. [2] The block cipher W consists of an 8×8 state matrix of bytes, for a total of 512 bits. The encryption process consists of updating the state with four round functions over 10 rounds.
1Cyclic redundancy checks. 2Checksums. 3Universal hash function families. 4Non-cryptographic hash functions. 5Keyed cryptographic hash functions. 6Unkeyed cryptographic hash functions. 7See also. 8References. Toggle the table of contents.
A universal hashing scheme is a randomized algorithm that selects a hash function h among a family of such functions, in such a way that the probability of a collision of any two distinct keys is 1/m, where m is the number of distinct hash values desired—independently of the two keys. Universal hashing ensures (in a probabilistic sense) that ...
The Secure Hash Algorithms are a family of cryptographic hash functions published by the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) as a U.S. Federal Information Processing Standard (FIPS), including: SHA-0: A retronym applied to the original version of the 160-bit hash function published in 1993 under the name "SHA".
SHA-2 (Secure Hash Algorithm 2) is a set of cryptographic hash functions designed by the United States National Security Agency (NSA) and first published in 2001. [3] [4] They are built using the Merkle–Damgård construction, from a one-way compression function itself built using the Davies–Meyer structure from a specialized block cipher.
A cryptographic hash function (CHF) is a hash algorithm (a map of an arbitrary binary string to a binary string with a fixed size of bits) that has special properties desirable for a cryptographic application: [ 1 ] the probability of a particular n {\displaystyle n} -bit output result (hash value) for a random input string ("message") is 2 − ...
The MD5 message-digest algorithm is a widely used hash function producing a 128- bit hash value. MD5 was designed by Ronald Rivest in 1991 to replace an earlier hash function MD4, [3] and was specified in 1992 as RFC 1321. MD5 can be used as a checksum to verify data integrity against unintentional corruption. Historically it was widely used as ...
Diffie–Hellman (DH) key exchange[ nb 1 ] is a mathematical method of securely generating a symmetric cryptographic key over a public channel and was one of the first public-key protocols as conceived by Ralph Merkle and named after Whitfield Diffie and Martin Hellman. [ 1 ][ 2 ] DH is one of the earliest practical examples of public key ...