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Renal tubular acidosis (RTA) is a medical condition that involves an accumulation of acid in the body due to a failure of the kidneys to appropriately acidify the urine. [1] In renal physiology, when blood is filtered by the kidney, the filtrate passes through the tubules of the nephron, allowing for exchange of salts, acid equivalents, and other solutes before it drains into the bladder as urine.
Central cord syndrome. Central cord syndrome (CCS) is the most common form of cervical spinal cord injury (SCI). It is characterized by loss of power and sensation in arms and hands. It usually results from trauma which causes damage to the neck, leading to major injury to the central corticospinal tract of the spinal cord. [1]
Hyperchloremic acidosis is a form of metabolic acidosis associated with a normal anion gap, a decrease in plasma bicarbonate concentration, and an increase in plasma chloride concentration [1] (see anion gap for a fuller explanation). Although plasma anion gap is normal, this condition is often associated with an increased urine anion gap, due ...
Milk-alkali syndrome is an illness that is characterized by hypercalcaemia, kidney damage, and metabolic alkalosis. [ 17 ] This syndrome was discovered in the early 1900s when people began experiencing adverse effects from Bertrand Sippy's gastric ulcer treatment consisting of milk and alkali.
Metabolic alkalosis is an acid-base disorder in which the pH of tissue is elevated beyond the normal range (7.35–7.45). This is the result of decreased hydrogen ion concentration, leading to increased bicarbonate (HCO− 3), or alternatively a direct result of increased bicarbonate concentrations. The condition typically cannot last long if ...
Bartter syndrome(BS) is a rare inherited disease characterised by a defect in the thick ascending limbof the loop of Henle, which results in low potassium levels (hypokalemia),[2]increased blood pH (alkalosis), and normal to low blood pressure. There are two types of Bartter syndrome: neonatal and classic.
22.1 million (2015) [ 5 ] Deaths. 16,100 (2015) [ 6 ] Kidney stone disease, also known as renal calculus disease, nephrolithiasis or urolithiasis, is a crystallopathy where a solid piece of material (renal calculus) develops in the urinary tract. [ 2 ] Renal calculi typically form in the kidney and leave the body in the urine stream. [ 2 ]
This is therefore also known as hyperchloremic acidosis. The HCO − 3 lost is replaced by a chloride anion, and thus there is a normal anion gap. Gastrointestinal loss of HCO − 3 (i.e., diarrhea) (note: vomiting causes hypochloraemic alkalosis) Kidney loss of HCO − 3 (i.e., proximal renal tubular acidosis (RTA) also known as type 2 RTA)