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Rotary lime kiln (rust-colored horizontal tube at right) with preheater, Wyoming, 2010 Traditional lime kiln in Sri Lanka. A lime kiln is a kiln used for the calcination of limestone (calcium carbonate) to produce the form of lime called quicklime (calcium oxide). The chemical equation for this reaction is: CaCO 3 + heat → CaO + CO 2
Calcined gypsum is an alternative material in industrial plasters and mortars. Cement, cement kiln dust, fly ash, and lime kiln dust are potential substitutes for some construction uses of lime. Magnesium hydroxide is a substitute for lime in pH control, and magnesium oxide is a substitute for dolomitic lime as a flux in steelmaking. [28]
In limestone calcination, a decomposition process that occurs at 900 to 1050 °C, the chemical reaction is CaCO 3 (s) → CaO(s) + CO 2 (g) Today, this reaction largely occurs in a cement kiln. The standard Gibbs free energy of reaction in [J/mol] is approximated as ΔG° r ≈ 177,100 J/mol − 158 J/(mol*K) * T. [4]
Flue-gas desulfurization (FGD) is a set of technologies used to remove sulfur dioxide (SO 2) from exhaust flue gases of fossil-fuel power plants, and from the emissions of other sulfur oxide emitting processes such as waste incineration, petroleum refineries, cement and lime kilns.
The calcination reaction is the only endothermic reaction in the process and is shown here: CaCO 3 (s) → CaO(s) + CO 2 (g) ΔH° = +179.2 kJ/mol. The thermal decomposition of calcite is performed in a lime kiln fired with oxygen in order to avoid an additional gas separation step. Hydration of the lime (CaO) completes the cycle.
Lime is an inorganic material composed primarily of calcium oxides and hydroxides. It is also the name for calcium oxide which is used as an industrial mineral and is made by heating calcium carbonate in a kiln. Calcium oxide can occur as a product of coal-seam fires and in altered limestone xenoliths in volcanic ejecta. [1]
Equipment for pyroprocessing includes kilns, electric arc furnaces and reverberatory furnaces. Cement manufacturing is a very common example of pyroprocessing. The raw material mix is fed to a kiln where pyroprocessing takes place. As with most industries, pyroprocessing is the most energy-intensive part of the industrial process.
Chatsworth Calera also called Chatsworth Reservoir Kiln Site is one of the few surviving structures of the early 1800s lime industry. This kiln marked the introduction to California of the European industrial process for vitrifying limestone building blocks which were used in the construction of the San Fernando mission and other mission buildings.