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Elderspeak is affected by context, such as community or institute, meaning that people use elderspeak towards elderly people in the community, such as in the grocery store or the coffee shop, or in an institute such as a nursing home. [2] An element of context is the relationship between the speaker and the elderly person.
Deaf people are often better lip-readers than people with normal hearing. [45] Some deaf people practice as professional lipreaders [46] for instance in forensic lipreading. In deaf people who have a cochlear implant, pre-implant lip-reading skill can predict post-implant (auditory or audiovisual) speech processing. [47]
Speech: Vocal production of language; Speech impairment: Abnormal speech is unintelligible, unpleasant, or creates an ineffective communication process; Speech/language pathologist: Professionals who help individuals to maximize their communication skills. Speech synthesizer: Assistive technology that creates voice
Speakers vary their speed of speaking according to contextual and physical factors. A typical speaking rate for English is 4 syllables per second, [5] but in different emotional or social contexts the rate may vary, one study reporting a range between 3.3 and 5.9 syl/sec, [6] Another study found significant differences in speaking rate between story-telling and taking part in an interview.
Studies looking at long-term outcomes for individuals with specific language impairments such as expressive language disorder track these individuals from childhood to adulthood. As Whitehouse and his colleagues [ 25 ] suggest, "When childhood language problems persist into adulthood, they can have far reaching consequences in terms of academic ...
In speech communication, intelligibility is a measure of how comprehensible speech is in given conditions. Intelligibility is affected by the level (loud but not too loud) and quality of the speech signal, the type and level of background noise, reverberation (some reflections but not too many), and, for speech over communication devices, the properties of the communication system.
Auditory feedback (AF) is an aid used by humans to control speech production and singing by helping the individual verify whether the current production of speech or singing is in accordance with his acoustic-auditory intention. This process is possible through what is known as the auditory feedback loop, a three-part cycle that allows ...
AAC systems used typically change over time depending on severity of speech impairment, physical status, and the individual's communication needs. [153] Use of augmentative communication strategies generally begins when speaking rate drops to 100 words per minute. [ 154 ]
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