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The polar vortex is a whirling cone of low pressure over the poles that's strongest in the winter months due to the increased temperature contrast between the polar regions and the mid-latitudes ...
The polar vortex is a large area of low-pressure and cold air surrounding both of the Earth’s poles, according to the weather service. It always exists near the poles.
The polar vortex is cyclical high-altitude winds that blow counterclockwise around the pole experiencing winter in the stratosphere, the next layer of atmosphere above the lowest, the troposphere ...
However, a 2012 review in the Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences noted that "there [has been] a significant change in the vortex mean state over the twenty-first century, resulting in a weaker, more disturbed vortex.", [159] which contradicted the modelling results but fit the Francis-Vavrus hypothesis.
The southern pole's cyclone-like storm is roughly the size of Europe. In addition, the southern polar vortex is constantly changing shape but the cause is still unknown. [4] In 1979, NASA's Pioneer Venus observed a double vortex cyclone at the north pole. There haven't been many more close-up observations of the north pole since Pioneer Venus. [5]
The term polar vortex can be used to describe two distinct phenomena; the stratospheric polar vortex, and the tropospheric polar vortex. The stratospheric and tropospheric polar vortices both rotate in the direction of the Earth's spin, but they are distinct phenomena that have different sizes, structures, seasonal cycles, and impacts on weather.
Often these stretched polar vortex events repeat themselves with time and in rare winters this can persist for the entire winter. This last happened in 2013-14 resulting in a very cold winter."
'Chicago Beach Keeps Locals Warm During Polar Vortex' – video new report from Voice of America. Chicago river frozen during 2019 polar vortex February 1, 2019. In the Chicago area, temperatures plummeted as low as −23 °F (−31 °C) at O'Hare International Airport on January 30, with a windchill of −52 °F (−47 °C).