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If UTI is suspected, particularly in complicated cases or when urinalysis results are inconclusive, [140] a urine culture may be performed to identify microorganisms if present, obtain a colony count, and carry out antibiotic sensitivity testing. The colony count helps to distinguish between contamination and infection. [141]
The human urinary system, also known as the urinary tract or renal system, consists of the kidneys, ureters, bladder, and the urethra.The purpose of the urinary system is to eliminate waste from the body, regulate blood volume and blood pressure, control levels of electrolytes and metabolites, and regulate blood pH.
Greenish urine can result from the consumption of asparagus or foods, [citation needed] beverages with green pigments, or from a urinary tract infection. [8] Blue urine can be caused by the ingestion of methylene blue (e.g., in medications) or foods or beverages with blue dyes. Blue urine stains can be caused by blue diaper syndrome.
A urine test is any medical test performed on a urine specimen. The analysis of urine is a valuable diagnostic tool because its composition reflects the functioning of many body systems, particularly the kidneys and urinary system , and specimens are easy to obtain. [ 1 ]
The major functions of these lining cells are the reabsorption of water and small molecules from the filtrate into the blood, and the secretion of wastes from the blood into the urine. Proper function of the kidney requires that it receives and adequately filters blood.
An estimate of the GFR is used clinically to determine the degree of kidney impairment and to track the progression of the disease. The GFR, however, does not reveal the source of the kidney disease. This is accomplished by urinalysis, measurement of urine protein excretion, kidney imaging, and, if necessary, kidney biopsy. [1]
Before the exam, the person will need to drink three glasses of water (about 500 ml) at least one hour before the exam. If the person is on fluid restriction diet (due to heart, liver or kidney problems), then he can ignore the instruction. If there is a urinary catheter, the catheter should be clamped immediately after drinking the water. The ...
Automatic analysis of urine test strips using automated urine test strip analysers is a well-established practice in modern-day urinalysis. They can measure calcium , blood, glucose, bilirubin, urobilinogen, ketones, leukocytes, creatinine , microalbumin , pH, ascorbic acid and protein.