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Folate deficiency, also known as vitamin B 9 deficiency, is a low level of folate and derivatives in the body. [1] This may result in megaloblastic anemia in which red blood cells become abnormally large, and folate deficiency anemia is the term given for this medical condition. [3] Signs of folate deficiency are often subtle. [4]
Serum levels above 50 μg/L are associated with side effects. In rare cases, sulfasalazine can cause severe depression in young males. It can also cause oligospermia and temporary infertility. Immune thrombocytopenia has been reported. [12] Sulfasalazine inhibits dihydropteroate synthase, and can cause folate deficiency and megaloblastic anemia.
As folate is vital in the first trimester of pregnancy for healthy fetal development, the use of antifolates is strongly contraindicated in pregnancy and carries significant teratogenic risk. Low doses of methotrexate can deplete folate stores and cause side-effects that are similar to folate deficiency. Both high-folate diets and supplemental ...
Low dietary intake of the vitamin folate can also cause mild hyperhomocysteinemia. Low folate intake affects individuals with the 677TT genotype to a greater extent than those with the 677CC/CT genotypes. 677TT (but not 677CC/CT) individuals with lower plasma folate levels are at risk for elevated plasma homocysteine levels. [21]
Folinic acid, also known as leucovorin, is a medication used to decrease the toxic effects of methotrexate and pyrimethamine. [2] [3] It is also used in combination with 5-fluorouracil to treat colorectal cancer and pancreatic cancer, may be used to treat folate deficiency that results in anemia, and methanol poisoning.
In most of these cases, the anemia was due to vitamin deficiencies - usually folic acid deficiency, in one case vitamin B 12 deficiency, [90] and in one case vitamin C deficiency. [91] Some cases were associated with deficient diets - one patient ate mostly bread and butter, [ 90 ] another ate bread, buns, and hard candy, and another could ...
Deficiency can also result from rare genetic factors, such as mutations in the MTHFR gene that lead to compromised folate metabolism. [33] [34] Cerebral folate deficiency is a rare condition in which concentrations of folate are low in the brain despite being normal in the blood. [35] Vitamin B 12 deficiency: Anemia, neurological and digestive ...
Patients present with cerebral folate deficiency, a condition in which there are reduced levels of 5-MTHF in the cerebrospinal fluid. However, contrary to other causes of cerebral folate deficiency, the use of folinic acid for treatment may be contraindicated due to excess levels of folinic acid in the organism of patients. [3]
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