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A larger than average fleet turnover has ensured a swift introduction of new and cleaner vehicles in England and the rest of the UK. [ 6 ] Figures from the DfT show in 2018 people made 4.8 billion local bus passenger journeys in England, 58% of all public transport journeys.
McLean, Iain. "The origin and strange history of regulation in the UK: three case studies in search of a theory." ESF/SCSS Exploratory Workshop The Politics of Regulation (2002) online. McLean, Iain, and Christopher Foster. "The political economy of regulation: interests, ideology, voters, and the UK Regulation of Railways Act 1844."
Urban rail networks are also well developed in London and several other cities. There were once over 30,000 miles (48,000 km) of rail network in the UK. The UK was ranked eighth among national European rail systems in the 2017 European Railway Performance Index assessing intensity of use, quality of service and safety. [19]
The UK was ranked eighth among national European rail systems in the 2017 European Railway Performance Index for intensity of use, quality of service and safety performance. [11] To cope with increasing passenger numbers, there is a large programme of upgrades to the network, including Thameslink , Crossrail , electrification of lines , in-cab ...
The history of transport is largely one of technological innovation. Advances in technology have allowed people to travel farther, explore more territory, and expand their influence over increasingly larger areas. Even in ancient times, new tools such as foot coverings, skis, and snowshoes lengthened the distances that could be traveled.
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The UK's main intercity routes, the West Coast Main Line from London to Glasgow opened in 1849, and the East Coast Main Line from London to Edinburgh opened in 1860. [5] Before the Grouping in 1923, most services were operated by joint stock as various rail companies owned separate sections of track that intercity services operated over.
As the last steam locomotives were withdrawn, the corporation's public name was re-branded in 1965 as British Rail (see British Rail brand names for a full history). This re-branding introduced the double-arrow logo to represent the industry as a whole; the standardised Rail Alphabet typeface used for all communications and signs; and the BR ...