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The Italian Wars [b] were a series of conflicts fought between 1494 and 1559, mostly in the Italian Peninsula, but later expanding into Flanders, the Rhineland and Mediterranean Sea. The primary belligerents were the Valois kings of France , on one side, and their opponents in the Holy Roman Empire and Spain on the other.
The Risorgimento movement emerged to unite Italy in the 19th century. Piedmont-Sardinia took the lead in a series of wars to liberate Italy from foreign control. Following three Wars of Italian Independence against the Habsburg Austrians in the north, the Expedition of the Thousand against the Spanish Bourbons in the south, and the Capture of Rome, the unification of the country was completed ...
Other wars can be found in the historical lists of wars and the list of wars extended by diplomatic irregularity. Major conflicts of this era include the Italian Wars and Thirty Years' War in Europe, the Kongo Civil War in Africa, the Qing conquest of the Ming in Asia, the Spanish conquest of Peru in South America, and the American ...
The military history of Italy chronicles a vast time period, lasting from the military conflicts fought by the ancient peoples of Italy, most notably the conquest of the Mediterranean world by the ancient Romans, through the expansion of the Italian city-states and maritime republics during the medieval period and the involvement of the historical Italian states in the Italian Wars and the ...
Part of the Reconquista and Spanish Christian–Muslim War of 1172–1212; Location: Iberian Peninsula. Kingdom of Castile Order of Santiago Order of Évora: Almohad Caliphate: Defeat Castilian–Leonese War (1196–1197) - Part of Spanish Christian–Muslim War of 1172–1212 Location: Iberian Peninsula. Kingdom of Castile. Kingdom of Aragon ...
But England's entry into the war provoked the French Siege of Calais in January 1558, which was a defeat for the English. French armies plundered Spanish possessions in the Low Countries [clarification needed] and emerged victorious in the Siege of Thionville (April–June 1558).
1648–1659 Franco-Spanish War – 108,000 killed in action [1] 1648–1657 Khmelnytsky Uprising; 1651 Kostka-Napierski Uprising; 1651–1986 Three Hundred and Thirty Five Years' War; 1652–1674 Anglo-Dutch Wars; 1653 Swiss peasant war of 1653; 1654 First Bremian War; 1654–1667 Russo-Polish War; 1654–1660 English-Spanish War – 15,000 ...
The First Italian War, or Charles VIII's Italian War, [2] was the opening phase of the Italian Wars.The war pitted Charles VIII of France, who had initial Milanese aid, against the Holy Roman Empire, Spain and an alliance of Italian powers led by Pope Alexander VI, known as the League of Venice.