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A surgical site infection (SSI) develop when bacteria infiltrate the body through surgical incisions. [1] These bacteria may come from the patient's own skin, the surgical instruments, or the environment in which the procedure is performed.
Methods to decrease surgical site infections in spine surgery include the application of antiseptic skin preparation (a.g. Chlorhexidine gluconate in alcohol which is twice as effective as any other antiseptic for reducing the risk of infection [9]), judicious use of surgical drains, prophylactic antibiotics, and vancomycin. [10]
There is insufficient evidence to show that whether applying cyanoacrylate microbial sealants on the wound site before operation is effective in reducing surgical site infection post surgery. [27] There is no evidence that one type of hand antisepsis is better than the other in preventing surgical site infection. [28] [17]
Despite efforts to preserve asepsis during surgery, there still persists a 1-3% chance of a surgical site infection (SSI). [19] Infections are categorized as superficial incisional, deep incisional, or organ; the first type are confined to the skin, the second to muscles and nearby tissues, and the third to organs not anatomically close to the ...
The World Health Organization (WHO) published the WHO Surgical Safety Checklist in 2008 in order to increase the safety of patients undergoing surgery. [1] The checklist serves to remind the surgical team of important items to be performed before and after the surgical procedure in order to reduce adverse events such as surgical site infections or retained instruments. [1]
In 2012, the Health Protection Agency reported the prevalence rate of hospital-acquired infections in England was 6.4% in 2011, against a rate of 8.2% in 2006, [67] with respiratory tract, urinary tract and surgical site infections the most common types of infections reported. [67]
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Both surgical and nonsurgical wounds can be infected with HA-MRSA. [1] [5] [22] Surgical site infections occur on the skin surface, but can spread to internal organs and blood to cause sepsis. [1] Transmission can occur between healthcare providers and patients because some providers may neglect to perform preventative hand-washing between ...