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A surgical site infection (SSI) develop when bacteria infiltrate the body through surgical incisions. [1] These bacteria may come from the patient's own skin , the surgical instruments , or the environment in which the procedure is performed.
There is insufficient evidence to show that whether applying cyanoacrylate microbial sealants on the wound site before operation is effective in reducing surgical site infection post surgery. [27] There is no evidence that one type of hand antisepsis is better than the other in preventing surgical site infection. [28] [17]
The World Health Organization (WHO) published the WHO Surgical Safety Checklist in 2008 in order to increase the safety of patients undergoing surgery. [1] The checklist serves to remind the surgical team of important items to be performed before and after the surgical procedure in order to reduce adverse events such as surgical site infections or retained instruments. [1]
Methods to decrease surgical site infections in spine surgery include the application of antiseptic skin preparation (a.g. Chlorhexidine gluconate in alcohol which is twice as effective as any other antiseptic for reducing the risk of infection [9]), judicious use of surgical drains, prophylactic antibiotics, and vancomycin. [10]
The Surgical Care Improvement Project (SCIP) partnership is an American multi-year national campaign to substantially reduce surgical mortality and morbidity through collaborative efforts between healthcare organizations. The campaign began in August 2005 with the original goal of reducing the national incidence of surgical complications by 25% ...
Despite efforts to preserve asepsis during surgery, there still persists a 1-3% chance of a surgical site infection (SSI). [19] Infections are categorized as superficial incisional, deep incisional, or organ; the first type are confined to the skin, the second to muscles and nearby tissues, and the third to organs not anatomically close to the ...
Antibiotics can be effective in reducing the occurrence of such infections. Patients should be selected for prophylaxis if the medical condition or the surgical procedure is associated with a considerable risk of infection or if a postoperative infection would pose a serious hazard to the patient's recovery and well-being. [4]
Current research shows mixed results as whether laminar airflow in an operating room decreases surgical site infections. [ 7 ] [ 8 ] [ 9 ] Laminar airflow ventilation is more frequently used in operating rooms in Europe and is considered best practice for operating rooms to prevent surgical site infections.