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The following package management systems distribute the source code of their apps. Either the user must know how to compile the packages, or they come with a script that automates the compilation process. For example, in GoboLinux a recipe file contains information on how to download, unpack, compile and install a package using its Compile tool ...
Yarn can install packages from local cache. [8] Yarn binds versions of the package strongly. Yarn uses checksum for ensuring data integrity, while npm uses SHA-512 to check data integrity of the packages downloaded. [9] Yarn installs packages in parallel, while npm installs one package at a time.
Package metadata include package description, package version, and dependencies (other packages that need to be installed beforehand). Package managers are charged with the task of finding, installing, maintaining or uninstalling software packages upon the user's command. Typical functions of a package management system include:
Package Manager Description npm: A package manager for Node.js [21] pip: A package installer for Python [22] apt: For managing Debian Packages [23] Homebrew: A package installer for MacOS that allows one to install packages Apple didn't [24] vcpkg: A package manager for C and C++ [25] [26] yum and dnf: Package manager for Fedora and Red Hat ...
Working behind the scenes of the package manager is the RPM database, stored in /var/lib/rpm. It uses Berkeley DB as its back-end. It consists of a single database (Packages) containing all of the meta information of the installed RPMs. Multiple databases are created for indexing purposes, replicating data to speed up queries.
The package management system evaluates this meta-information to allow package searches, perform automatic upgrades to newer versions, and to check that all dependencies of a package are present (and either notify the user to install them, or install them automatically). The package can also be provided as source code to be compiled on the system.
APT front ends can list the dependencies of packages being installed or upgraded, ask the administrator if packages recommended or suggested by newly installed packages should be installed too, automatically install dependencies and perform other operations on the system such as removing obsolete files and packages.
It then builds a package that contains these files, using additional information gathered from the user. Finally, the files installed by the original run are removed and the package is installed using the system package tools, so the package will be properly registered in the local installed packages database.