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  2. Open system (systems theory) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Open_system_(systems_theory)

    Open systems have input and output flows, representing exchanges of matter, energy or information with its surroundings. An open system is a system that has external interactions. Such interactions can take the form of information, energy, or material transfers into or out of the system boundary, depending on the discipline which defines the ...

  3. Open systems architecture - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Open_systems_architecture

    Systems design is a process of defining and engineering the architecture, methods, and interfaces necessary to accomplish a goal or fulfill a set of requirements. In open systems architecture, the design includes intentional provisions to make it possible to expand or modify the system at a later stage after initial operation.

  4. Open system - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Open_system

    Open system of learning, where information is sourced from multiple sources; Open government, system; Open-system environment reference model, one of the first reference models for enterprise architecture; Open Distribution system (Example: Peer-to-peer file sharing system)

  5. Thermodynamic system - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thermodynamic_system

    The presence of reactants in an open beaker is an example of an open system. Here the boundary is an imaginary surface enclosing the beaker and reactants. It is named closed , if borders are impenetrable for substance, but allow transit of energy in the form of heat, and isolated , if there is no exchange of heat and substances.

  6. Open system (computing) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Open_system_(computing)

    Open systems are computer systems that provide some combination of interoperability, portability, and open software standards. (It can also refer to specific installations that are configured to allow unrestricted access by people and/or other computers; this article does not discuss that meaning).

  7. OSI model - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/OSI_model

    The Open Systems Interconnection (OSI) model is a reference model from the International Organization for Standardization ... (example with layers 3 to 5) History

  8. System - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/System

    Systems can be isolated, closed, or open. A system is a group of interacting or interrelated elements that act according to a set of rules to form a unified whole. [1] A system, surrounded and influenced by its environment, is described by its boundaries, structure and purpose and is expressed in its functioning.

  9. First law of thermodynamics - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/First_law_of_thermodynamics

    An open system is not adiabatically enclosed. There are some cases in which a process for an open system can, for particular purposes, be considered as if it were for a closed system. In an open system, by definition hypothetically or potentially, matter can pass between the system and its surroundings.