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Positron emission tomography–computed tomography (better known as PET-CT or PET/CT) is a nuclear medicine technique which combines, in a single gantry, a positron emission tomography (PET) scanner and an x-ray computed tomography (CT) scanner, to acquire sequential images from both devices in the same session, which are combined into a single superposed (co-registered) image.
Positron emission tomography (PET) [1] is a functional imaging technique that uses radioactive substances known as radiotracers to visualize and measure changes in metabolic processes, and in other physiological activities including blood flow, regional chemical composition, and absorption.
Also, contrast-enhancement techniques in both CT and MRI show regions of tissue that are handling pharmaceuticals differently, due to an inflammatory process. Diagnostic tests in nuclear medicine exploit the way that the body handles substances differently when there is disease or pathology present.
Types include positron emission tomography (PET) and Single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT). SPECT is commonly used to diagnose certain diseases. [ 1 ] SPECT imaging is conducting by injecting a radioactive probe (or tracer) into the person's blood stream. [ 1 ]
PET images can be viewed in comparison to computed tomography scans to determine an anatomic correlate. Modern scanners may integrate PET, allowing PET-CT, or PET-MRI to optimize the image reconstruction involved with positron imaging. This is performed on the same equipment without physically moving the patient off of the gantry.
Some recent advances rely on using simultaneously integrated physical phenomena, e.g. X-rays for both CT and angiography, combined CT/MRI and combined CT/PET. Discrete tomography and Geometric tomography , on the other hand, are research areas [ citation needed ] that deal with the reconstruction of objects that are discrete (such as crystals ...
Contrast agents can also be injected to study blood flow. However, contrast agents for micro-CT, such as iodine, are difficult to conjugate molecular targets1 with, and thus it is rarely used in molecular imaging techniques. As such, micro-CT is often combined with micro-PET/SPECT for anatomical and molecular imaging in research. [14]
Abdominal imaging is associated with many potential uses for the different phases of contrast CT.The majority of abdominal and pelvic CT's can be performed using a single-phase, but the evaluation of some tumor types (hepatic/pancreatic/renal), the urinary collecting system, and trauma patients among others, may be best performed with multiple phases.