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Social liberalism [a] is a political philosophy and variety of liberalism that endorses social justice, social services, a mixed economy, and the expansion of civil and political rights, as opposed to classical liberalism which favors limited government and an overall more laissez-faire style of governance. While both are committed to personal ...
Classical liberals in the United States believe that if the economy is left to the natural forces of supply and demand, free of government intervention, the result is the most abundant satisfaction of human wants. Modern classical liberals oppose the concepts of social democracy and the welfare state. [93]
Modern liberalism in the United States originates from the reforms advocated by the progressive movement of the early 20th century. [29] Franklin D. Roosevelt implemented the New Deal in response to the Great Depression, and the New Deal programs defined social liberalism in the United States, establishing it as a major ideology.
In political science, democratic socialism and social democracy are sometimes seen as synonyms, [25] while they are distinguished in journalistic use. [26] Under this democratic socialist definition, [nb 1] social democracy is an ideology seeking to gradually build an alternative socialist economy through the institutions of liberal democracy. [23]
In Europe and North America, the establishment of social liberalism (often called simply "liberalism" in the United States) became a key component in the expansion of the welfare state. [3] Today, liberal parties continue to wield power, control and influence throughout the world , but it still has challenges to overcome in Latin America ...
Social liberalism was developed in the United Kingdom in the mid-20th century, [20] where it took the form of new liberalism. [18] The identification of centre-left ideologies as "liberal" is most common to the United States. [21] Liberalism is less common in regions such as Africa and Asia, where there is no individualist or liberal democratic ...
By definition, a liberal democracy implies that power is not concentrated. One criticism is that this could be a disadvantage for a state in wartime, when a fast and unified response is necessary. The legislature usually must give consent before the start of an offensive military operation, although sometimes the executive can do this on its ...
In North America, liberalism almost exclusively refers to social liberalism. The dominant Canadian party is the Liberal Party, and the Democratic Party is usually considered liberal in the United States. [27] [28] [29] In the United States, conservative liberals are usually called conservatives in a broad sense. [30] [31]