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Antigen presentation stimulates T cells to become either "cytotoxic" CD8+ cells or "helper" CD4+ cells.. A cytotoxic T cell (also known as T C, cytotoxic T lymphocyte, CTL, T-killer cell, cytolytic T cell, CD8 + T-cell or killer T cell) is a T lymphocyte (a type of white blood cell) that kills cancer cells, cells that are infected by intracellular pathogens (such as viruses or bacteria), or ...
Degranulation is a cellular process that releases antimicrobial, cytotoxic, or other molecules from secretory vesicles called granules found inside some cells. It is used by several different cells involved in the immune system , including granulocytes ( neutrophils , basophils , eosinophils , and mast cells ).
Cytotoxic T cells (T C cells, CTLs, T-killer cells, killer T cells) destroy virus-infected cells and tumor cells, and are also implicated in transplant rejection. These cells are defined by the expression of the CD8 protein on their cell surface. Cytotoxic T cells recognize their targets by binding to short peptides (8-11 amino acids in length ...
Within the scientific discipline of toxicology, Cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) are generated by immune activation of cytotoxic T cells (T c cells). They are generally CD8 +, which makes them MHC class I restricted. CTLs are able to eliminate most cells in the body since most nucleated cells express class I MHC molecules.
In the draining lymph nodes, tumor-specific dendritic cells trigger the differentiation of Th1 cells which in turn facilitates the development of cytotoxic CD8 + T cells also known as killer T-cells. In the final phase, tumor-specific CD4 + and CD8 + T cells home to the tumor site and the cytotoxic T lymphocytes then destroy the antigen-bearing ...
Granzyme B is secreted by regulatory T cells (tregs) to kill CD4 + T cells that have not been exposed to host cells that are restricted to the peripheral tissues and cannot reach the thymus. This activation-induced cell death (AICD) can be achieved without the Fas death pathway and prevents autoimmune reaction to self antigens. [1]
CD8 + cytotoxic T-cells may also be categorized as: [5] T c 1 cells, T c 2 cells. Similarly to CD4 + T H cells, a third category called T C 17 were discovered that also secrete IL-17. As for the ILCs, they [Clarification needed.] may be classified into three main categories [5] ILC1 which secrete type 1 cytokines, ILC2 which secrete type 2 ...
Granzymes are serine proteases released by cytoplasmic granules within cytotoxic T cells and natural killer (NK) cells. They induce programmed cell death (apoptosis) in the target cell, thus eliminating cells that have become cancerous or are infected with viruses or bacteria. [1] Granzymes also kill bacteria [2] and inhibit viral replication.