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British India, consisting of the directly ruled British presidencies and provinces, contained the most populous and valuable parts of the British Empire and thus became known as "the jewel in the British crown". India, during its colonial era, was a founding member of the League of Nations, a participating nation in the Summer Olympics in 1900 ...
India's first three universities, the University of Mumbai, the University of Madras and the University of Calcutta, are established. 1858: 1 November: British Raj (to 1947) Marks the Beginning Of Direct British Rule Over India For 89 Years(1858–1947). 7 November: Bipin Chandra Pal is born (to 1932) 1859: 18 April: Death of Tatya Tope: 1861: ...
The British Raj was the period of British Parliament rule on the Indian subcontinent between 1858 and 1947, for around 89 years of British occupation. The system of governance was instituted in 1858 when the rule of the East India Company was transferred to the Crown in the person of Queen Victoria .
The British era is significant because during this period a very large number of famines struck India. [2] [3] There is a vast literature on the famines in colonial British India. [4] The mortality in these famines was excessively high and in some may have been increased by British policies. [5]
Taxes in India decreased during the colonial period for most of India's population; with the land tax revenue claiming 15% of India's national income during Mughal times compared with 1% at the end of the colonial period.
During this period, multiple strong Hindu kingdoms, notably the Vijayanagara Empire and the Rajput states, emerged and played significant roles in shaping the cultural and political landscape of India. The early modern period began in the 16th century, when the Mughal Empire conquered most of the Indian subcontinent, [18] signaling the proto ...
On 15 August 1947, finally India became independent. The last British troops to leave India, the First Battalion of the Somerset Light Infantry, passed through the arcade of the Gateway of India in Bombay on 28 February 1948. [14] The 282-year-long period of the British domination in Bombay ended after India's Independence in 1947.
The early history of British expansion in India was characterised by the co-existence of two approaches towards the existing princely states. [7] The first was a policy of annexation, where the British sought to forcibly absorb the Indian princely states into the provinces which constituted their Empire in India.