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Micrograph of a myocardial infarction (ca. 400x H&E stain ) with prominent contraction band necrosis. Histopathological examination of the heart may reveal infarction at autopsy . Gross examination may reveal signs of myocardial infarction.
Necrosis begins after 20 minutes of an infarction. Under 4 hours of ischemia, there are no gross or microscopic changes noted. [ 2 ] From 4-24 hours coagulative necrosis begins to be seen, which is characterized by the removal of dead cardiomyocytes through heterolysis and the nucleus through karyorrhexis, karyolysis, and pyknosis. [ 3 ]
Coagulative necrosis is a type of accidental cell death typically caused by ischemia or infarction. In coagulative necrosis, the architectures of dead tissue are preserved for at least a couple of days. [1] It is believed that the injury denatures structural proteins as well as lysosomal enzymes, thus blocking the proteolysis of the damaged cells.
It was first described in medical literature by Schlesinger and Reiner in 1955. [1] It is considered a type of cellular necrosis. [1] Two types of myocytolysis have been defined: coagulative and colliquative. [1] [2] [3] Coagulative myocytolysis appears in the myocardium near areas of coagulative necrosis or areas affected by myocardial ...
Contraction band necrosis is a type of uncontrolled cell death unique to cardiac myocytes and thought to arise in reperfusion from hypercontraction, which results in sarcolemmal rupture. [ 1 ] It is a characteristic histologic finding of a recent myocardial infarction (heart attack) that was partially reperfused.
[1] Warfarin necrosis is a rare but severe complication of treatment with warfarin or related anticoagulants. [2] The typical patient appears to be an obese, middle aged woman (median age 54 years, male to female ratio 1:3). [1] [3]: 122–3 This drug eruption usually occurs between the third and tenth days of therapy with warfarin derivatives. [1]
Fibrinoid necrosis is a pathological lesion that affects blood vessels, and is characterized by the occurrence of endothelial damage, followed by leakage of plasma proteins, including fibrinogen, from the vessel lumen; these proteins infiltrate and deposit within the vessel walls, where fibrin polymerization subsequently ensues. [1] [2] [3] [4]
A myocardial infarction (2) has occurred with blockage of a branch of the left coronary artery (1). A myocardial infarction, according to current consensus, is defined by elevated cardiac biomarkers with a rising or falling trend and at least one of the following: [82] Symptoms relating to ischemia