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Complications of late Parkinson's disease may include a range of impulse-control disorders, including eating, buying, compulsive gambling, [6] sexual behavior, and related behaviors (punding, hobbyism and walkabout). Prevalence studies suggest that ICDs occur in 13.6–36.0% of Parkinson's patients exhibited at least one form of ICD.
The UPPS Impulsive Behavior Scale [128] is a 45-item self-report questionnaire that was designed to measure impulsivity across dimensions of the Five Factor Model of personality. The UPPS includes 4 sub-scales: lack of premeditation, urgency, lack of perseverance, and sensation-seeking.
Inhibitory control, also known as response inhibition, is a cognitive process – and, more specifically, an executive function – that permits an individual to inhibit their impulses and natural, habitual, or dominant behavioral responses to stimuli (a.k.a. prepotent responses) in order to select a more appropriate behavior that is consistent with completing their goals.
Restraint bias is the tendency for people to overestimate their ability to control impulsive behavior. An inflated self-control belief may lead to greater exposure to temptation, and increased impulsiveness. Therefore, the restraint bias has bearing on addiction.
“These types of impulsive behaviors can include things like crying or yelling when they don’t get their way, resorting to physical confrontation or violence, giving the silent treatment ...
Self-control occurs through top-down inhibition of the premotor cortex, [50] which essentially means using perception and mental effort to reign in behavior and action as opposed to allowing emotions or sensory experience to control and drive behavior. There is some debate about the mechanism of self-control and how it emerges.
Compulsive sexual behaviour disorder (CSBD), [1] is an impulse control disorder.CSBD manifests as a pattern of behavior involving intense preoccupation with sexual fantasies and behaviours that cause significant levels of psychological distress, are inappropriately used to cope with psychological stress, cannot be voluntarily curtailed, and risk or cause harm to oneself or others.
Controlled behaviors - behaviors over which one has cognitive control - are guided by maintenance, updating, and representing task goals, and inhibiting information irrelevant to the task goal. [7] Cognitive control is often developed through reinforcement as well as learning from previous experiences.