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In the case of materials, it is often expressed in terms of R-value per metre. R-values are additive for layers of materials, and the higher the R-value the better the performance. The U-factor or U-value (in W/(m 2 ⋅K)) is the overall heat transfer coefficient and can be found by taking the inverse of the R-value. It is a property that ...
Although the concept of U-value (or U-factor) is universal, U-values can be expressed in different units. In most countries, U-value is expressed in SI units, as watts per square metre-kelvin: W/(m 2 ⋅K) In the United States, U-value is expressed as British thermal units (Btu) per hour-square feet-degrees Fahrenheit: Btu/(h⋅ft 2 ⋅°F)
Architects and engineers call the resulting values either the U-Value or the R-Value of a construction assembly like a wall. Each type of value (R or U) are related as the inverse of each other such that R-Value = 1/U-Value and both are more fully understood through the concept of an overall heat transfer coefficient described in lower section ...
The construction industry makes use of measures such as the R-value (resistance) and the U-value (transmittance or conductance). Although related to the thermal conductivity of a material used in an insulation product or assembly, R- and U-values are measured per unit area, and depend on the specified thickness of the product or assembly. [note 2]
However, the nature of a material is not the only factor as it also depends on the size and shape of an object because these properties are extensive rather than intensive. The relationship between thermal conductance and resistance is analogous to that between electrical conductance and resistance in the domain of electronics.
The U-value is used to refer to the amount of heat that can pass through a window, called thermal transmittance, with a lower score being better. [1] The U-factor of a window can often be found on the rating label of the window. Although the concept of U-value (or U-factor) is universal, U-values can be expressed in different units.
R-value (soils) in geotechnical engineering, the stability of soils and aggregates for pavement construction; R-factor (crystallography), a measure of the agreement between the crystallographic model and the diffraction data; R 0 or R number, the basic reproduction number in epidemiology; In computer science, a pure value which cannot be ...
Typical R-values are given for various materials and structures as approximations based on the average of available figures and are sorted by lowest value. R-value at 1 m gives R-values normalised to a 1 metre (3 ft 3 in) thickness and sorts by median value of the range.