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  2. Benzenesulfonic acid - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Benzenesulfonic_acid

    Benzenesulfonic acid (conjugate base benzenesulfonate) is an organosulfur compound with the formula C 6 H 6 O 3 S.It is the simplest aromatic sulfonic acid.It forms white deliquescent sheet crystals or a white waxy solid that is soluble in water and ethanol, slightly soluble in benzene and insoluble in nonpolar solvents like diethyl ether.

  3. Desulfonation reaction - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Desulfonation_reaction

    The approach exploits the meta-directing effect of the sulfonic acid group. 2-Chlorotoluene for example can be prepared by chlorination of p-toluenesulfonic acid, followed by hydrolysis. The method is also useful for the preparation of 2,6-dinitroaniline [3] and 2-bromophenol via phenol-2,4-disulfonic acid. [4]

  4. Sodium benzenesulfonate - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sodium_benzenesulfonate

    Sodium benzenesulfonate is an organic compound with the formula C 6 H 5 SO 3 Na.It is white, water-soluble solid, It is produced by the neutralization benzenesulfonic acid with sodium hydroxide.

  5. Dow process (phenol) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dow_process_(phenol)

    Benzene can be easily converted to chlorobenzene by nucleophilic aromatic substitution via a benzyne intermediate. [1] It is treated with aqueous sodium hydroxide at 350 °C and 300 bar or molten sodium hydroxide at 350 °C to convert it to sodium phenoxide, which yields phenol upon acidification. [2]

  6. Aromatic sulfonation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aromatic_sulfonation

    In the Tyrer sulfonation process (1917), [7] at some time of technological importance, benzene vapor is led through a vessel containing 90% sulfuric acid the temperature of which is increased from 100 to 180°C. Water and benzene are continuously removed and the benzene fed back to the vessel. In this way an 80% yield is obtained.

  7. Sulfonic acid - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sulfonic_acid

    In some cases the sulfonic acid serves as a water-solubilizing protecting group, as illustrated by the purification of para-xylene via its sulfonic acid derivative. In the synthesis of 2,6-dichlorophenol, phenol is converted to its 4-sulfonic acid derivative, which then selectively chlorinates at the positions flanking the phenol. Hydrolysis ...

  8. Bisphenol S - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bisphenol_S

    Bisphenol S is prepared by the reaction of two equivalents of phenol with one equivalent of sulfuric acid or oleum. [41] 2 C 6 H 5 OH + H 2 SO 4 → (C 6 H 4 OH) 2 SO 2 + 2 H 2 O 2 C 6 H 5 OH + SO 3 → (C 6 H 4 OH) 2 SO 2 + H 2 O. This reaction can also produce 2,4'-sulfonyldiphenol, a common isomeric complication in electrophilic aromatic ...

  9. Phenol - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phenol

    Phenol (also known as carbolic acid, phenolic acid, or benzenol) is an aromatic organic compound with the molecular formula C 6 H 5 OH. [5] It is a white crystalline solid that is volatile . The molecule consists of a phenyl group ( −C 6 H 5 ) bonded to a hydroxy group ( −OH ).

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