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The Eighty Years' War [i] or Dutch Revolt (Dutch: Nederlandse Opstand) (c. 1566/1568–1648) [j] was an armed conflict in the Habsburg Netherlands [k] between disparate groups of rebels and the Spanish government.
The Spanish Netherlands (Spanish: Países Bajos Españoles; Dutch: Spaanse Nederlanden; French: Pays-Bas espagnols; German: Spanische Niederlande) (historically in Spanish: Flandes, the name "Flanders" was used as a pars pro toto) [4] was the Habsburg Netherlands ruled by the Spanish branch of the Habsburgs from 1556 to 1714.
Scholars have somewhat differing views on the periodisation of this phase of the Eighty Years' War. Whereas Encarta Winkler Prins (2002) subsumed the 1579–1588 years into its larger "Second period: the rupture (1576–1588)", [11] and Mulder et al. (2008) into their even longer "The North on the way to autonomy, 1573–1588" period, [12] Groenveld (2009) regarded 1575/6–1579 as a separate ...
Railway network in the Netherlands, 2017. There are currently 401 railway stations in the Netherlands [1] including four which are used only during special events and one which serves the National Railway Museum only. NS Stations is the body which manages and owns all railway stations in the Netherlands. [2]
The first fifty years (1568 through 1618) were a war solely between Catholic Spain and the Protestant rebels of the Netherlands. It was a military conflict with integral religious elements. During the last thirty years (1618–1648) the conflict between Spain and the Netherlands was submerged in the general European War that became known as the ...
Below are the train routes in the Netherlands as of 2011(May be outdated) with the number of the train series. It is typically a multiple of 100, while the train numbers add a number in the range 1 through 99 to it (where odd numbers are for trains in one direction, and even numbers for trains in the opposite, except for some international services).
To Kaldenkirchen – Voltage change (1.5 kV DC/15 kV AC) in Venlo station. Vlodrop-station to Dalheim – Iron Rhine, disused; reactivation has been under study for a long time with little progress. Eygelshoven-Markt to Herzogenrath – Voltage change (1.5 kV DC/15 kV AC) on the open track just inside the Netherlands.
The historiography of the Eighty Years' War examines how the Eighty Years' War has been viewed or interpreted throughout the centuries.Some of the main issues of contention between scholars include the name of the war (most notably "Eighty Years' War" versus "Dutch Revolt" [1]), the periodisation of the war (particularly when it started, which events to include or exclude, and whether the ...