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A good example of this can be noticed in most supermarkets where instead of pricing milk at £5, it would be written as £4.99. Contrarily, sellers competing for consumers with low price sensitivity, will fix their product price to be even. For example, often in upscale retail stores, handbags will be priced at £1250 instead of £1249.99. [13]
Price optimization utilizes data analysis to predict the behavior of potential buyers to different prices of a product or service. Depending on the type of methodology being implemented, the analysis may leverage survey data (e.g. such as in a conjoint pricing analysis [7]) or raw data (e.g. such as in a behavioral analysis leveraging 'big data' [8] [9]).
Priceline.com, an online travel agency offered a name your own price option. However, by 2005, Priceline began to de-emphasize this system, [10] and added published price options on its websites. [9] A 2014 academic study showed that posted prices can guarantee higher profitability to service providers than the name-your-own-price mechanism. [11]
Price Intelligence has become a table stakes requirement for retailers, for several key reasons: [3] Increased consumer price sensitivity. Increased aggressiveness from competitors. Retail giants change prices upwards of 50,000 times per month. Amazon is the most aggressive with pricing, changing prices every 10 minutes or more often at times. [4]
Price lining is the use of a limited number of prices for all products offered by a business. Price lining is a tradition started in the old five and dime stores in which everything cost either 5 or 10 cents. In price lining, the price remains constant but the quality or extent of product or service adjusted to reflect changes in cost.
High–low pricing (or hi–low pricing) is a type of pricing strategy adopted by companies, usually small and medium-sized retail firms, where a firm initially charges a high price for a product and later, when it has become less desirable, sells it at a discount or through clearance sales.
Value-based price, also called value-optimized pricing or charging what the market will bear, is a market-driven pricing strategy which sets the price of a good or service according to its perceived or estimated value. [1]
Cost-plus pricing is a pricing strategy by which the selling price of a product is determined by adding a specific fixed percentage (a "markup") to the product's unit cost. Essentially, the markup percentage is a method of generating a particular desired rate of return. [1] [2] An alternative pricing method is value-based pricing. [3]