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  2. Age of Enlightenment - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Age_of_Enlightenment

    However, scholars have never agreed on a definition of the Enlightenment or on its chronological or geographical extent. Terms like les Lumières (French), illuminismo (Italian), ilustración (Spanish) and Aufklärung (German) referred to partly overlapping movements. Not until the late 19th century did English scholars agree they were talking ...

  3. Enlightenment - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Enlightenment

    Ionian Enlightenment, the origin of ancient Greek advances in philosophy and science; Dark Enlightenment, an anti-democratic and reactionary movement that broadly rejects egalitarianism and Whig historiography; Enlightenment Intensive, a group retreat designed to enable a spiritual enlightenment

  4. Education in the Age of Enlightenment - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Education_in_the_Age_of...

    The literacy rate in Europe from the 17th century to the 18th century grew significantly. The definition of the term "literacy" in the 17th and 18th centuries is different from our current definition of literacy. Historians measured the literacy rate during the 17th and 18th century centuries by people's ability to sign their names.

  5. Humanism - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Humanism

    According to Crosson, the shift from man to human started during enlightenment and is still ongoing. [52] Crosson also argues that enlightenment, especially in Britain, produced not only a notion of universal man, but also gave birth to pseudoscientific ideas, such as those about differences between races, that shaped European history. [53]

  6. American Enlightenment - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/American_Enlightenment

    Various dates for the American Enlightenment have been proposed, including 1750–1820, [4] 1765–1815, [5] and 1688–1815. [6] One more precise start date proposed is 1714, [7] when a collection of Enlightenment books by Jeremiah Dummer were donated to the library of the college of Yale University in Connecticut.

  7. What Is Enlightenment? - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/What_Is_Enlightenment?

    A number of leading intellectuals replied with essays, of which Kant's is the most famous and has had the most impact. Kant's opening paragraph of the essay is a much-cited definition of a lack of enlightenment as people's inability to think for themselves due not to their lack of intellect, but lack of courage. [1] [2] [3] [4]

  8. Everything To Know About the History of Halloween ... - AOL

    www.aol.com/wondering-history-halloween-heres...

    The meaning of Halloween today is far removed from its darker origins in ancient Britain, Ireland and northern France—when people believed it was a night when the dead literally returned to the ...

  9. Science in the Age of Enlightenment - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Science_in_the_Age_of...

    Around the start of the 18th century, the Academia Scientiarum Imperialis (1724) in St. Petersburg, and the Kungliga Vetenskapsakademien (Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences) (1739) were created. Regional and provincial societies emerged from the 18th century in Bologna , Bordeaux , Copenhagen , Dijon , Lyons , Montpellier and Uppsala .