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For most people with bipolar types 1 and 2, the depressive episodes are much longer than the manic or hypomanic episodes. [20] Since a diagnosis of bipolar disorder requires a manic or hypomanic episode, many affected individuals are initially misdiagnosed as having major depression and treated with prescribed antidepressants. [44]
The global estimated lifetime prevalence of bipolar disorder among adults range from 1 to 3 percent. [63] The annual incidence is estimated to vary from 0.3 to 1.2 percent worldwide. [ 23 ] According to the World Mental Health Survey Initiative, the lifetime prevalence of BP-II was found to be 0.4%, with a 12-month prevalence of 0.3%. [ 64 ]
Bipolar disorders fall in between depressive disorders and schizophrenia spectrum and related disorders "in recognition of their place as a bridge between the two diagnostic classes in terms of symptomatology, family history and genetics" (Ref. 1, p 123). [43] Bipolar disorders underwent a few changes in the DSM-5, most notably the addition of ...
Bipolar I disorder (BD-I; pronounced "type one bipolar disorder") is a type of bipolar spectrum disorder characterized by the occurrence of at least one manic episode, with or without mixed or psychotic features. [1] Most people also, at other times, have one or more depressive episodes. [2]
STEP-BD was a long-term outpatient study investigating the benefits of psychotherapies in conjunction with pharmacotherapy in treating episodes of depression and mania, as well as preventing relapse in people with bipolar disorder. [19] Patients were 1.58 times more likely to be well in any study month if they received intensive psychotherapy ...
Schizoaffective disorder is a mental disorder characterized by symptoms of both schizophrenia and a mood disorder - either bipolar disorder or depression. [4] [5] The main diagnostic criterion is the presence of psychotic symptoms for at least two weeks without prominent mood symptoms. [5]
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Bipolar disorder – mental disorder with cyclical periods of depression and periods of elevated mood. [1] The elevated mood is significant and is known as mania , a severe elevation that can be accompanied by psychosis in some cases, or hypomania , a milder form of mania.
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