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4-Aminophenol (or para-aminophenol or p-aminophenol) is an organic compound with the formula H 2 NC 6 H 4 OH. Typically available as a white powder, [ 3 ] it is commonly used as a developer for black-and-white film , marketed under the name Rodinal .
Substance Formula 0 °C 10 °C 20 °C 30 °C 40 °C 50 °C 60 °C 70 °C 80 °C 90 °C 100 °C Barium acetate: Ba(C 2 H 3 O 2) 2: 58.8: 62: 72: 75: 78.5: 77: 75
e.g. using hexane, heptane, cyclohexane, or mineral oil as the nonpolar solvent. Nonpolar solvent / polar solvent / salt / water e.g. 100 ml mineral oil, 100 ml isopropanol, 75 ml water, 35 g calcium chloride; Nonpolar solvent / water-soluble polymer A, water-soluble polymer B, water e.g. hexane, polyethylene oxide, dextran, water
Dichloromethane (DCM, methylene chloride, or methylene bichloride) is an organochlorine compound with the formula C H 2 Cl 2. This colorless, volatile liquid with a chloroform-like, sweet odor is widely used as a solvent. Although it is not miscible with water, it is slightly polar, and miscible with many organic solvents. [12]
The three aminophenol isomers: Left: 2-Aminophenol (o-aminophenol) Center: 3-Aminophenol (m-aminophenol) Right: 4-Aminophenol (p-aminophenol) Aminophenol may refer to any of three isomeric chemical compounds: 2-Aminophenol; 3-Aminophenol; 4-Aminophenol; They are simultaneously an aniline and a phenol
Diethyl ether has higher water solubility of 8 g per 100 mL, versus diphenyl ether, with a solubility of 0.002 g per 100 mL. [ 3 ] [ 4 ] The presence of the aromatic ring also draws electrons away from the ethereal oxygen, making the hydrolysis of a phenol ether significantly more difficult than that of an alkyl ether. [ 5 ]
The classical methods for the production of paracetamol involve the acetylation of 4-aminophenol with acetic anhydride as the last step. They differ in how 4-aminophenol is prepared. In one method, nitration of phenol with nitric acid affords 4-nitrophenol, which is reduced to 4-aminophenol by hydrogenation over Raney nickel.
Glycerol, obtained as a byproduct of the synthesis of these, can in turn be used to produce various solvents such as 2,2-dimethyl-1,3-dioxolane-4-methanol, usable as a solvent in the formulation of inks and cleaners. [20] Fusel oil, an isomeric mixture of amyl alcohol, is a byproduct of ethanol