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[4] The primary driver for the automation of meter reading is not to reduce labor costs, but to obtain data that is difficult to obtain. [citation needed] As an example, many water meters are installed in locations that require the utility to schedule an appointment with the homeowner in order to obtain access to the meter. In many areas ...
Typically, the DLR server can be configured to send standard telecontrol frames to the electric utility's SCADA front-end acquisition units. These frames can then be processed for display and calculations by the utility energy management system or distribution management system. Short-term network operation decisions are based on optimized ...
KNX – Standard for building control. Previously Batibus/EHS/EIB; LonTalk – protocol for LonWorks technology by Echelon Corporation; Modbus RTU or ASCII or TCP; oBIX - Open Building Information Exchange is a standard for RESTful Web Services-based interfaces to building control systems developed by OASIS. UPB - 2-way Peer to Peer Protocol
The device has two antennas. One antenna collects data from the sensors, and the other antenna forwards the data to the electrical utility control center over cell phone service. In some systems, powerline sensors may transmit information on the high voltage conductor itself rather than by transmission of a radio signal. [4] [5]
Municipal services or city services refer to basic services that residents of a city expect the local government to provide in exchange for the taxes which citizens pay. Basic city services may include sanitation (both sewer and refuse ), water , streets , the public library , schools , food inspection , fire department , police , ambulance ...
The term smart meter often refers to an electricity meter, but it also may mean a device measuring natural gas, water or district heating consumption. [1], [2] More generally, a smart meter is an electronic device that records information such as consumption of electric energy, voltage levels, current, and power factor.
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The Inter-Control Center Communications Protocol (ICCP or IEC 60870-6/TASE.2) [3] is being specified by utility organizations throughout the world to provide data exchange over wide area networks (WANs) between utility control centers, utilities, power pools, regional control centers, and Non-Utility Generators.