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In this usage, 2-norbornyl cation is not a carbonium ion, because it is formally derived from protonation of an alkene (norbornene) rather than an alkane, although it is a non-classical carbocation due to its bridged structure. The IUPAC acknowledges the three divergent definitions of carbonium ion and urges care in the usage of this term.
In chemistry, a carbonium ion is a cation that has a pentacoordinated carbon atom. [2] They are a type of carbocation. In older literature, the name "carbonium ion" was used for what is today called carbenium. Carbonium ions charge is delocalized in three-center, two-electron bonds. The more stable members are often bi- or polycyclic. [3]
Carbocation rearrangement reactions occur through three-center bond transition states. Because the three center bond structures have about the same energy as carbocations, there is generally virtually no activation energy for these rearrangements so they occur with extraordinarily high rates. Carbonium ions such as ethanium C 2 H +
The tert-butyl cation is a relatively stable carbenium ion. [1] A carbenium ion is a positive ion with the structure RR′R″C +, that is, a chemical species with carbon atom having three covalent bonds, and it bears a +1 formal charge. Carbenium ions are a major subset of carbocations, which is a general term for diamagnetic carbon-based cations.
A carbocation is a compound containing a positively charged carbon atom. ... Carbenium ion; Carbocationic synthon; Carbonium ion; Crystal violet lactone; E. Ethanium;
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It is a carbocation and an enium ion, making it the simplest of the carbenium ions. [3] Structure ... The methenium ion is very reactive, even towards alkanes. [7]
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