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Betelgeuse's color may have changed from yellow (or possibly orange; i.e. a yellow supergiant) to red in the last few thousand years, based on a 2022 review of historical records. This color change combined with the CMD suggest a mass of 14 M ☉ , an age of 14 million year and a distance from 125 to 150 parsecs (~400 to 500 light years).
For example, Betelgeuse has the K-band apparent magnitude of −4.05. [5] Some stars, like Betelgeuse and Antares, are variable stars, changing their magnitude over days, months or years. In the table, the range of variation is indicated with the symbol "var". Single magnitude values quoted for variable stars come from a variety of sources.
Rho Cassiopeiae, a variable, yellow hypergiant, is one of the most luminous naked-eye stars. Betelgeuse is a red supergiant that may have been a yellow supergiant in antiquity [35] and the second brightest star in the constellation Orion.
Betelgeuse has entered an uncommon period of brightening again, this time rising in brightness by around 50 percent. Is the star about to go supernova?
Humanity has marveled at the vivid star Betelgeuse for many millennia. Over two thousand years ago, this imperious red object in the constellation Orion caught the eye of the Roman poet Horace:But ...
Betelgeuse made everybody think it was going to explode in a spectacular supernova. It turns out the star just belched and shrouded itself in dust.
Comparison of VLT-SPHERE images of Betelgeuse taken in January 2019 and December 2019, showing the changes in brightness and shape. Betelgeuse is an intrinsically variable star. A variable star is a star whose brightness as seen from Earth (its apparent magnitude) changes systematically with time.
Yellow supergiants generally have spectral types of F and G, although sometimes late A or early K stars are included. [1] [2] [3] These spectral types are characterised by hydrogen lines that are very strong in class A, weakening through F and G until they are very weak or absent in class K. Calcium H and K lines are present in late A spectra, but stronger in class F, and strongest in class G ...