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A needs assessment is a systematic process for determining and addressing needs, or "gaps", between current conditions, and desired conditions, or "wants". [ 1 ] Needs assessments can help improve policy or program decisions, individuals, education, training, organizations, communities, or products.
There are four steps in conducting a needs assessment: [10] Perform a ‘gap’ analyses Evaluators need to compare current situation to the desired or necessary situation. The difference or the gap between the two situations will help identify the need, purpose and aims of the program. Identify priorities and importance
Step 1: Logic Model of the Problem Establish and work with a planning group; Conduct a needs assessment to create a logic model of the problem; Describe the context for the intervention including the population, setting, and community; State program goals; Step 2: Program Outcomes and Objectives – Logic Model of Change
The CIPP framework was developed as a means of linking evaluation with program decision-making.It aims to provide an analytic and rational basis for program decision-making, based on a cycle of planning, structuring, implementing and reviewing and revising decisions, each examined through a different aspect of evaluation –context, input, process and product evaluation.
It provides a comprehensive structure for assessing health and quality of life needs, and for designing, implementing and evaluating health promotion and other public health programs to meet those needs. [2] [3] [4] One purpose and guiding principle of the PRECEDE–PROCEED model is to direct initial attention to outcomes, rather than inputs.
A second approach is the 10-step Getting to Outcomes (GTO). [citation needed] GTO helps participants answer 10 questions using relevant literature, methods and tools. The 10 accountability questions and literature to address them are: What are the needs and resources? (Needs assessment; resource assessment)
I recommend working with a sports dietitian to determine the best hydration and fueling strategy for your sport and fluid and electrolyte replacement needs,” she noted.
Requirements specification is the synthesis of discovery findings regarding current state business needs and the assessment of these needs to determine, and specify, what is required to meet the needs within the solution scope in focus. Discovery, analysis, and specification move the understanding from a current as-is state to a future to-be state.