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Proxima Centauri is a red dwarf star with a mass about 12.5% of the Sun's mass (M ☉), and average density about 33 times that of the Sun. Because of Proxima Centauri's proximity to Earth, its angular diameter can be measured directly. Its actual diameter is about one-seventh (14%) the diameter of the Sun.
The Alpha Centauri star system is the closest star system to the Sun. List of nearest M-type stars ... Proxima Centauri: 4.24 [1] M5.5Ve [1] 0.1542 ± 0.0045 [2]
Proxima Centauri (Alpha Centauri C) 107,277 Nearest star and nearest stellar system to the Sun. Has one confirmed potentially habitable exoplanet, one unconfirmed exoplanet and one disputed exoplanet [121] Luyten 726-8 B (UV Ceti) 110,615 The archetypal type of the flare stars, and the eight-nearest star system to the Solar System. [122] GL ...
The closest encounter to the Sun so far predicted is the low-mass orange dwarf star Gliese 710 / HIP 89825 with roughly 60% the mass of the Sun. [4] It is currently predicted to pass 0.1696 ± 0.0065 ly (10 635 ± 500 au) from the Sun in 1.290 ± 0.04 million years from the present, close enough to significantly disturb the Solar System's Oort ...
The nearest star and planetary system to the Sun, at a distance of 4.24 ly (1.30 pc), orbiting around Alpha Centauri AB System, the nearest star system to the Sun. Age: 4.85 Gyr. [167] Has a confirmed planet, Proxima Centauri b, [168] a disputed planet, Proxima Centauri c, [169] and a unconfirmed planet, Proxima Centauri d. Reported for reference.
Proxima Centauri b is the closest exoplanet to Earth, [20] at a distance of about 4.2 ly (1.3 parsecs). [5] It orbits Proxima Centauri every 11.186 Earth days at a distance of about 0.049 AU, [1] over 20 times closer to Proxima Centauri than Earth is to the Sun. [21] As of 2021, it is unclear whether it has an eccentricity [e] [24] but Proxima Centauri b is unlikely to have any obliquity. [25]
It is more magnetically active than Alpha Centauri A, showing a cycle of 8.2 ± 0.2 yr compared to 11 years for the Sun, and has about half the minimum-to-peak variation in coronal luminosity of the Sun. [99] Alpha Centauri B has an apparent magnitude of +1.35, slightly dimmer than Mimosa.
Alpha Centauri A and B are a closely tied pair of Sun-like stars, whereas the closest star to the Sun, the small red dwarf Proxima Centauri, orbits the pair at a distance of 0.2 light-years. In 2016, a potentially habitable exoplanet was found to be orbiting Proxima Centauri, called Proxima Centauri b, the closest confirmed exoplanet to the Sun ...