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The init system is the first daemon to start (during booting) and the last daemon to terminate (during shutdown). Historically this was the "SysV init", which was just called "init". More recent Linux distributions are likely to use one of the more modern alternatives such as systemd. Below is a summary of the main init processes:
In Unix-based computer operating systems, init (short for initialization) is the first process started during booting of the operating system. Init is a daemon process that continues running until the system is shut down. It is the direct or indirect ancestor of all other processes and automatically adopts all orphaned processes. Init is ...
There are four principal events that cause a process to be created: System initialization. Execution of process creation system call by a running process. A user request to create a new process. Initiation of a batch job. When an operating system is booted, several essential processes are typically initiated to prepare the system for operation.
systemd is a software suite that provides an array of system components for Linux [7] operating systems. The main aim is to unify service configuration and behavior across Linux distributions. [8] Its primary component is a "system and service manager" — an init system used to bootstrap user space and manage user processes.
The disk, tape or card deck must contain a special program to load the actual operating system or standalone utility into main storage, and for this specific purpose "IPL Text" is placed on the disk by the stand-alone DASDI (Direct Access Storage Device Initialization) program or an equivalent program running under an operating system, e.g ...
In Linux systems, initrd (initial ramdisk) is a scheme for loading a temporary root file system into memory, to be used as part of the Linux startup process. initrd and initramfs (from INITial RAM File System) refer to two different methods of achieving this. Both are commonly used to make preparations before the real root file system can be ...
A runlevel is a mode of operation in the computer operating systems that implements Unix System V-style initialization. Conventionally, seven runlevels exist, numbered from zero to six. Conventionally, seven runlevels exist, numbered from zero to six.
In computing, BIOS (/ ˈ b aɪ ɒ s,-oʊ s /, BY-oss, -ohss; Basic Input/Output System, also known as the System BIOS, ROM BIOS, BIOS ROM or PC BIOS) is firmware used to provide runtime services for operating systems and programs and to perform hardware initialization during the booting process (power-on startup). [1]