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Capitan Reef in Guadalupe Mountains National Park. The Capitan Formation is a geologic formation found in western Texas and southeastern New Mexico.It is a fossilized reef dating to the Guadalupian Age of the Permian period.
The Artesia Group is interpreted as a sequence of shelf rocks of the Capitan reef.It shows cyclicity and considerable lateral variation, from carbonate rocks near the Capitan reef, to mixed dolomitic mudstone, evaporites, and sandstones of a lagoon environment further from the reef, to a near-shore environment of evaporites, massive red siltstones, and minor amounts of dolomite.
Exposed and buried parts of Capitan Reef. Blue area shows area once flooded by the Delaware Sea. The Delaware Basin is a geologic depositional and structural basin in West Texas and southern New Mexico, famous for holding large oil fields and for a fossilized reef exposed at the surface.
El Capitan (Spanish: El Capitán) is a peak in Culberson County, Texas, located within Guadalupe Mountains National Park. [2] The 10th-highest peak in Texas at 8,085 ft (2,464 m), El Capitan is part of the Guadalupe Mountains, an exposed portion of a Permian period reef uplifted and exposed by tectonic activity during the late Cretaceous period. [3]
The mountain is composed of late Permian limestone and Capitan Formation like the other peaks in the Guadalupe Mountains. [5] Topographic relief is significant as the summit rises over 4,600 feet (1,402 m) above Salt Basin in three miles (4.8 km).
The Capitan Formation and Goat Seep Formation are quite similar, but are separated by an unconformity marked by ledges of dark limestone. [1] [2] The formation represents a fossil reef, and grades laterally into the shelf limestones of the Grayburg and Queen Formations. [3] It is regarded as a precursor to the Capitan reef. [4]
Group or Formation Period Notes Abiquiu Formation: Neogene: Abo Formation: ... Camp Rice Formation: Pliocene-Pleistocene: Capitan Formation: Permian: Carthage Formation:
The Guadalupe Mountains (Spanish: Sierra de Guadalupe) are a mountain range located in West Texas and southeastern New Mexico.The range includes the highest summit in Texas, Guadalupe Peak, 8,751 ft (2,667 m), and the "signature peak" of West Texas, El Capitan, both of which are located within Guadalupe Mountains National Park.