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Shoelace scheme for determining the area of a polygon with point coordinates (,),..., (,). The shoelace formula, also known as Gauss's area formula and the surveyor's formula, [1] is a mathematical algorithm to determine the area of a simple polygon whose vertices are described by their Cartesian coordinates in the plane. [2]
Another simple method for calculating the area of a polygon is the shoelace formula. It gives the area of any simple polygon as a sum of terms computed from the coordinates of consecutive pairs of its vertices. Unlike Pick's theorem, the shoelace formula does not require the vertices to have integer coordinates. [28]
Liu Hui's method of calculating the area of a circle. Liu Hui's π algorithm was invented by Liu Hui (fl. 3rd century), a mathematician of the state of Cao Wei.Before his time, the ratio of the circumference of a circle to its diameter was often taken experimentally as three in China, while Zhang Heng (78–139) rendered it as 3.1724 (from the proportion of the celestial circle to the diameter ...
The quotients formed by the area of these polygons divided by the square of the circle radius can be made arbitrarily close to π as the number of polygon sides becomes large, proving that the area inside the circle of radius r is πr 2, π being defined as the ratio of the circumference to the diameter (C/d).
Calculation of the area of a square whose length and width are 1 metre would be: 1 metre × 1 metre = 1 m 2. and so, a rectangle with different sides (say length of 3 metres and width of 2 metres) would have an area in square units that can be calculated as: 3 metres × 2 metres = 6 m 2. This is equivalent to 6 million square millimetres.
A simple polygon is the boundary of a region of the plane that is called a solid polygon. The interior of a solid polygon is its body, also known as a polygonal region or polygonal area. In contexts where one is concerned only with simple and solid polygons, a polygon may refer only to a simple polygon or to a solid polygon.
The area of a regular polygon is half its perimeter multiplied by the distance from its center to its sides, and because the sequence tends to a circle, the corresponding formula–that the area is half the circumference times the radius–namely, A = 1 / 2 × 2πr × r, holds for a circle.
The convex hull of a simple polygon is divided by the polygon into pieces, one of which is the polygon itself and the rest are pockets bounded by a piece of the polygon boundary and a single hull edge. Although many algorithms have been published for the problem of constructing the convex hull of a simple polygon, nearly half of them are ...