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They move quite slowly and cannot jump or hop. Aphids excrete a sugary liquid called honeydew, because the plant sap from which they feed contains excess carbohydrates relative to its low protein content. To satisfy their protein needs, they absorb large amounts of sap and excrete the excess carbohydrates.
Honeydew is a sugar-rich sticky liquid, secreted by aphids, some scale insects, and many other true bugs and some other insects as they feed on plant sap. When their mouthpart penetrates the phloem , the sugary, high-pressure liquid is forced out of the anus of the insects, allowing them to rapidly process the large volume of sap required to ...
To obtain enough protein, aphids need to suck large volumes of sap. The excess sugary fluid, honeydew, is secreted by the aphids. It adheres to plants, where it promotes growth of sooty molds. These are unsightly, reduce the surface area of the plant available for photosynthesis and may reduce the value of the crop
Woolly aphids feed by inserting their needle-like mouthparts into plant tissue to withdraw sap. They are able to feed on leaves, buds, bark, and even the roots of the plant. As a result of feeding on the sap, woolly aphids produce a sticky substance known as honeydew, which can lead to sooty mold on the plant.
Tuberolachnus salignus uses two stylets to extract the sap flowing within the phloem. [4] [5] One is used to inject saliva into the phloem, while the other is used to ingest the sap and saliva mixture. [4] [5] Willow sap is an extremely nutritious food source, as it provides critical sugars and water to various parts of the willow tree.
Many aphids performing this action at the same time has led to this species being referred to as the "Boogie-Woogie Aphid". [2] Beech blight aphids moving in unison - doing the Boogie Woogie. Deposits of sooty mold caused by the fungus Scorias spongiosa build up below the colonies, growing on the copious amounts of honeydew the insects exude. [3]
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Occasionally, aphids also ingest xylem sap, which is a more dilute diet than phloem sap as the concentrations of sugars and amino acids are 1% of those in the phloem. [ 34 ] [ 35 ] Xylem sap is under negative hydrostatic pressure and requires active sucking, suggesting an important role in aphid physiology. [ 36 ]