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The density of air or atmospheric density, denoted ρ, [1] is the mass per unit volume of Earth's atmosphere. Air density, like air pressure, decreases with increasing altitude. Air density, like air pressure, decreases with increasing altitude.
at each geopotential altitude, where g is the standard acceleration of gravity, and R specific is the specific gas constant for dry air (287.0528J⋅kg −1 ⋅K −1). The solution is given by the barometric formula. Air density must be calculated in order to solve for the pressure, and is used in calculating dynamic pressure for moving vehicles.
NRLMSISE-00 is an empirical, global reference atmospheric model of the Earth from ground to space. [1] It models the temperatures and densities of the atmosphere's components. A primary use of this model is to aid predictions of satellite orbital decay due to atmospheric drag .
= molar mass of Earth's air: 0.0289644 kg/mol; The value of subscript b ranges from 0 to 6 in accordance with each of seven successive layers of the atmosphere shown in the table below. The reference value for ρ b for b = 0 is the defined sea level value, ρ 0 = 1.2250 kg/m 3 or 0.0023768908 slug/ft 3.
The average mass of the atmosphere is about 5 quadrillion (5 × 10 15) tonnes or 1/1,200,000 the mass of Earth. According to the American National Center for Atmospheric Research , "The total mean mass of the atmosphere is 5.1480 × 10 18 kg with an annual range due to water vapor of 1.2 or 1.5 × 10 15 kg, depending on whether surface pressure ...
In astronomy, air mass or airmass is a measure of the amount of air along the line of sight when observing a star or other celestial source from below Earth's atmosphere . It is formulated as the integral of air density along the light ray .
An air mass originating over northern Siberia in winter may be indicated as "cA". [3] The stability of an air mass may be shown using a third letter, either "k" (air mass colder than the surface below it) or "w" (air mass warmer than the surface below it). [3] An example of this might be a polar air mass blowing over the Gulf Stream, denoted as ...
At the 60th parallel, the air rises to the tropopause (about 8 km at this latitude) and moves poleward. As it does so, the upper-level air mass deviates toward the east. When the air reaches the polar areas, it has cooled by radiation to space and is considerably denser than the underlying air. It descends, creating a cold, dry high-pressure area.