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Although the concept of "Islamic art" has been put into question by some modern art historians as a construct of Western cultural views, [9] [10] [11] the similarities between art produced at widely different times and places in the Muslim world, especially in the Islamic Golden Age, have been sufficient to keep the term in wide use as a useful ...
The history of Islam is believed by most historians [1] to have originated with Muhammad's mission in Mecca and Medina at the start of the 7th century CE, [2] [3] although Muslims regard this time as a return to the original faith passed down by the Abrahamic prophets, such as Adam, Noah, Abraham, Moses, David, Solomon, and Jesus, with the submission (Islām) to the will of God.
The metaphor of a golden age began to be applied in 19th-century literature about Islamic history, in the context of the western aesthetic fashion known as Orientalism.The author of a Handbook for Travelers in Syria and Palestine in 1868 observed that the most beautiful mosques of Damascus were "like Mohammedanism itself, now rapidly decaying" and relics of "the golden age of Islam".
Islamic calligraphy has also displayed figurative themes. Examples of this are anthropomorphic and zoomorphic calligrams. [40] Islamic calligraphy forms evolved, especially in the Ottoman period, to fulfill a function similar to figurative art. [41] When on paper, Islamic calligraphy is often seen with elaborate frames of Ottoman illumination. [41]
A wide variety of embroidery techniques were used across the Islamic world, with an equally broad range of materials. [6] Uighur women embroider felt skull caps, for use on their own or as the base for a turban. [7] In Morocco and Tunisia, satin stitch was used for items such as decorative curtains and mirror covers. [8]
This timeline of Islamic history relates the Gregorian and Islamic calendars in the history of Islam. This timeline starts with the lifetime of Muhammad, which is believed by non-Muslims to be when Islam started, [1] though not by Muslims. [2] [3] [4]
Islamic Art: Mirror of the Invisible World shows audiences nine countries (Egypt, Israel, Syria, Tunisia, Turkey, Iran, Spain, [8] Mali and India) and over 1,400 years of history. It presents the stories behind many well-known works of Islamic art and architecture.
While the art historian Jonathan Bloom believes that the Qur'an does not require women to wear veils, stating that instead, it was a social habit picked up with the expansion of Islam, [35] the vast majority of Islamic scholars disagree, [36] interpreting the Qur'anic verses 24:31 [Quran 24:31] and 33:59 [Quran 33:59] as requiring female modest ...