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Antihypertensives are a class of drugs that are used to treat hypertension (high blood pressure). [1] Antihypertensive therapy seeks to prevent the complications of high blood pressure, such as stroke , heart failure, kidney failure and myocardial infarction .
Resistant hypertension is defined as hypertension that remains above goal blood pressure in spite of using, at once, three antihypertensive medications belonging to different drug classes. Guidelines for treating resistant hypertension have been published in the UK [45] and US. [46]
More research is needed on these oral antihypertensive drugs to determine which one is the best for most pregnant women. [29] Additionally, a study done in 2023 demonstrated that treatment of patients with oral diuretic furosemide, a loop diuretic, may decrease the length of hypertension postpartum.
Use in pregnancy may harm the baby and use when breastfeeding is not recommended. [10] It is an angiotensin II receptor antagonist and works by blocking the effects of angiotensin II. [5] Irbesartan was patented in 1990, and approved for medical use in 1997. [11] It is available as a generic medication. [9]
Breastfeeding and medications is the description of the medications that can be used by a breastfeeding mother, and the balance between maternal health and the safety of the breastfeeding infant. [1] [2] Medications, when administered to breastfeeding mothers, almost always are transferred to breast milk, albeit usually in small quantities. [3]
Safety during pregnancy and breastfeeding is unclear. [3] Bumetanide is a loop diuretic and works by decreasing the reabsorption of sodium by the kidneys. [4] [2] Bumetanide was patented in 1968 and came into medical use in 1972. [5] It is on the World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines. [6] It is available as a generic ...
Duration of effect is dose-related; at recommended doses, antihypertensive and haemodynamic effects have been shown to be maintained for at least 24 hours. [21] [22] Enalapril has a slower onset of action than Captopril but a greater duration of action. However, unlike Captopril, Enalapril does not have a thiol moiety.
Guanethidine is an antihypertensive drug that reduces the release of catecholamines, such as norepinephrine.Guanethidine is transported across the sympathetic nerve membrane by the same mechanism that transports norepinephrine itself (NET, uptake 1), and uptake is essential for the drug's action.