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High dynamic range (HDR), also known as wide dynamic range, extended dynamic range, or expanded dynamic range, is a signal with a higher dynamic range than usual. The term is often used in discussing the dynamic ranges of images , videos , audio or radio .
HDR is commonly associated to a WCG (a system chromaticity wider than BT.709). Rec. 2100 (HDR-TV) uses the same system chromaticity that is used in Rec. 2020 (UHDTV). [5] [87] HDR formats such as HDR10, HDR10+, Dolby Vision and HLG also use Rec. 2020 chromaticities. HDR contents are commonly graded on a P3-D65 display. [6] [8]
High-dynamic-range rendering (HDRR or HDR rendering), also known as high-dynamic-range lighting, is the rendering of computer graphics scenes by using lighting calculations done in high dynamic range (HDR). This allows preservation of details that may be lost due to limiting contrast ratios.
Rec. 2100 defines two sets of HDR transfer functions which are perceptual quantization (PQ) and hybrid log-gamma (HLG). [3] HLG is supported in Rec. 2100 with a nominal peak luminance of 1,000 cd/m 2 and a system gamma value that can be adjusted depending on background luminance. [3]
Dolby Vision is a set of technologies developed by Dolby Laboratories for high dynamic range (HDR) video. [1] [2] [3] It covers content creation, distribution, and playback.[1] [4] [5] [6] It includes dynamic metadata that define the aspect ratio and adjust the picture based on a display's capabilities on a per-shot or even per-frame basis, optimizing the presentation.
[7] [8] ITU specifies the use of PQ or HLG as transfer functions for HDR-TV. [7] PQ is the basis of HDR video formats (such as Dolby Vision, [2] [9] HDR10 [10] and HDR10+ [11]) and is also used for HDR still picture formats. [12] [13] PQ is not backward compatible with the BT.1886 EOTF (i.e. the gamma curve of SDR), while HLG is compatible.
Tone mapped high-dynamic-range (HDR) image of St. Kentigerns Roman Catholic Church in Blackpool, Lancashire, England, UK. Tone mapping is a technique used in image processing and computer graphics to map one set of colors to another to approximate the appearance of high-dynamic-range (HDR) images in a medium that has a more limited dynamic range.
Tone mapped high-dynamic-range (HDR) image of St. Kentigern's Church in Blackpool, Lancashire, England. In photography and videography, multi-exposure HDR capture is a technique that creates high dynamic range (HDR) images (or extended dynamic range images) by taking and combining multiple exposures of the same subject matter at different exposures.