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Artesonado in the Throne Room of the Aljafería in Zaragoza, Spain Artesonado in the Tlaxcala City Cathedral, Mexico. Artesonado or Spanish ceiling is a term for "a type of intricately joined wooden ceiling in which supplementary laths are interlaced into the rafters supporting the roof to form decorative geometric patterns", [1] found in Spanish architecture.
Coffered ceiling of the barrel-vaulted nave in the Temple of Jupiter at Diocletian's Palace in Split, Croatia. Built early 4th century. Nave of Lisbon Cathedral with a barrel vaulted soffit. Note the absence of clerestory windows, all of the light being provided by the Rose window at one end of the vault. The Cloisters, New York City
Engelmann spruce is preferred because of "wood character and lack of cracking," but Ponderosa pine (Pinus ponderosa) is more commonly used. [7] Because the availability of vigas longer than 15 feet is limited by the size of the trees cut for the purpose, traditional viga -constructed rooms are typically less than 15 feet (4.6 m) wide. [ 8 ]
For centuries, it was thought that wooden coffers were first made by crossing the wooden beams of a ceiling in the Loire Valley châteaux of the early Renaissance. [6] In 2012, however, archaeologists working under the Packard Humanities Institute at the House of the Telephus in Herculaneum discovered that wooden coffered ceilings were ...
Gothic rib vault ceiling of the Saint-Séverin church in Paris Interior elevation view of a Gothic cathedral, with rib-vaulted roof highlighted. In architecture, a vault (French voûte, from Italian volta) is a self-supporting arched form, usually of stone or brick, serving to cover a space with a ceiling or roof.
The first step in the construction of a vault was a wooden scaffold up to the level of the top of the supporting columns. Next, a precise wooden frame was constructed on top of the scaffold in the exact shape of the ribs (French: nervures). The stone segments of the ribs were then carefully laid into the frame and joined with mortar.
The large interval between columns necessitates the use of a wooden architrave. Araeosystyle An architectural term applied to a colonnade, in which the intercolumniation is alternately wide and narrow. Arcade A passage or walkway covered over by a succession of arches or vaults supported by columns. Blind arcade or arcading: the same applied to ...
Cornice of Maison Carrée (Nîmes, France), a Roman temple in the Corinthian order, with dentils nearest the wall.. In Ancient Greek architecture and its successors using the classical orders in the tradition of classical architecture, the cornice is the topmost element of the entablature, which consists (from top to bottom) of the cornice, the frieze, and the architrave.