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The Baltic languages are a branch of the Indo-European language family spoken natively or as a second language by a population of about 6.5–7.0 million people [1] [2] mainly in areas extending east and southeast of the Baltic Sea in Europe.
Lithuanian is one of two living Baltic languages, along with Latvian, and they constitute the eastern branch of the Baltic languages family. [77] An earlier Baltic language, Old Prussian, was extinct by the 18th century; the other Western Baltic languages, Curonian and Sudovian, became extinct earlier.
The East Baltic languages are a group of languages that along with the extinct West Baltic languages belong to the Baltic branch of the Indo-European language family. The East Baltic branch primarily consists of two extant languages—Latvian and Lithuanian. Occasionally, Latgalian and Samogitian are viewed as distinct languages, though they ...
Antanas Klimas (Lithuanian pronunciation: [ɐnˈtaːnɐs ˈkʲlʲɪmɐs]; April 17, 1924 in Pelekonys–18 September 2016 in Brighton) [1] was a prominent [2] [3] Lithuanian doctor of sciences, onomastician and comparative linguist specializing in the relationships between Baltic, Slavic and Germanic language groups as well as the history of Lithuanian language.
The Balts or Baltic peoples, defined as speakers of one of the Baltic languages, a branch of the Indo-European language family, are descended from a group of Indo-European tribes who settled the area between the lower Vistula and southeast shore of the Baltic Sea and upper Daugava and Dnieper rivers. The Baltic languages, especially Lithuanian ...
[14] [4] [15] There is a general consensus that the Baltic languages can be divided into East Baltic (Lithuanian, Latvian) and West Baltic (Old Prussian). The internal diversity of Baltic points at a much greater time-depth for the breakup of the Baltic languages in comparison to the Slavic languages. [3] [16] "Traditional" Balto-Slavic tree model
Sudovian was an Indo-European language belonging to the Baltic branch. There are several proposals for the classification of the Sudovian language within the Baltic phylum. Bezzenberg postulated that Sudovian was a southern Lithuanian dialect. [2]: 302 Otrębski claimed it to be a transitional language between East and West Baltic. [3]
Many speak the Samogitian language, which in Lithuania is mostly considered a dialect of the Lithuanian language together with the Aukštaitian dialect. [1] The Samogitian language differs the most from the standard Lithuanian language. [1] Whether Samogitians are considered to be a distinct ethnic group or merely a subset of Lithuanians varies.