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They are also known as fairway buoys and clear water buoys. They are recognisable by their red-and-white vertical stripes and commonly bear a top sign in shape of a red ball. They either flash Morse code "A" (di-dah), or one long flash, occulting (more light than dark) or isophase (equal light and dark) every 10 seconds (L Fl 10s).
A cardinal mark is a sea mark (a buoy or other floating or fixed structure) commonly used in maritime pilotage to indicate the position of a hazard and the direction of safe water. Cardinal marks indicate the direction of safety as a cardinal ( compass ) direction ( north , east , south or west ) relative to the mark.
A lateral buoy, lateral post or lateral mark, as defined by the International Association of Marine Aids to Navigation and Lighthouse Authorities, is a sea mark used in maritime pilotage to indicate the edge of a channel. Each mark indicates the edge of the safe water channel in terms of port (left-hand) or starboard (right-hand).
The buoy is expected to be deployed for the first 24-72 hours after the wreck occurs. After that time more permanent buoyage (such as isolated danger marks or cardinal marks) should be deployed and charts updated. [1] The buoy is designed to "provide a clear and unambiguous" [1] mark of a new and uncharted danger. The buoy is painted with 4, 6 ...
Marks are shown on nautical charts, using symbols that indicate their colour, shape and light characteristic, and are usually identified by name or number. In a wider sense the phrase "sea mark" is often understood to include all types of landmarks, structures and devices that can be used to provide warning and guiding signs to mariners.
The height of the light above the chart datum for height (usually based on high water). e.g. 15m for 15 metres. The range in which the light is visible, e.g. "10M" for 10 nautical miles . An example of a complete light characteristic is "Gp Oc(3) W 10s 15m 10M".
Large Navigational Buoys (LNB, or Lanby buoys) are automatic buoys over 10 meters high equipped with a powerful light monitored electronically as a replacement for a lightvessel. [11] They may be marked on charts as a "Superbuoy." [12] Lateral marker buoys; Safe water mark or fairway buoys mark the entrance to a channel or nearby landfall
Examples of Special Marks A Special mark indicating an outfall pipe in the Irish Sea off Helen's Bay, Northern Ireland.It has the flashing sequence Fl.(2).Y meaning it flashes yellow twice, this is called group flashing.