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In population ecology and demography, the net reproduction rate, R 0, is the average number of offspring (often specifically daughters) that would be born to a female if she passed through her lifetime conforming to the age-specific fertility and mortality rates of a given year.
The net reproduction rate (R 0) is the number of surviving daughters per woman and an important indicator of the population's reproductive rate. If R 0 is one, the population replaces itself and would stay without any migration and emigration at a stable level.
is the average number of people infected from one other person. For example, Ebola has an of two, so on average, a person who has Ebola will pass it on to two other people.. In epidemiology, the basic reproduction number, or basic reproductive number (sometimes called basic reproduction ratio or basic reproductive rate), denoted (pronounced R nought or R zero), [1] of an infection is the ...
A 2023 map of countries by fertility rate. Blue indicates negative fertility rates. Red indicates positive rates. The total fertility rate (TFR) of a population is the average number of children that are born to a woman over her lifetime, if they were to experience the exact current age-specific fertility rates (ASFRs) through their lifetime, and they were to live from birth until the end of ...
Replacement fertility is the total fertility rate at which women give birth to enough babies to sustain population levels, assuming that mortality rates remain constant and net migration is zero. [10] If replacement level fertility is sustained over a sufficiently long period, each generation will exactly replace itself. [10]
The net reproductive rate is the number of offspring an individual is expected to produce during its lifetime: = means demographic equilibrium. One may then define the generation time T {\displaystyle T} as the time it takes for the population to increase by a factor of R 0 {\displaystyle \textstyle R_{0}} .
Total fertility rate (TFR) - the total number of children a woman would bear during her lifetime if she were to experience the prevailing age-specific fertility rates of women. TFR equals the sum for all age groups of 5 times each ASFR rate. [8] Gross Reproduction Rate (GRR) - the number of girl babies a synthetic cohort will have. It assumes ...
The gross reproduction rate (GRR) is the average number of daughters a woman would have if she survived all of her childbearing years, which is roughly to the age of 45, subject to the age-specific fertility rate and sex ratio at birth throughout that period. This rate is a measure of replacement fertility if mortality is not in the equation. [1]