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Interspecific competition, in ecology, is a form of competition in which individuals of different species compete for the same resources in an ecosystem (e.g. food or living space). This can be contrasted with mutualism, a type of symbiosis. Competition between members of the same species is called intraspecific competition.
Intraspecific competition is an interaction in population ecology, whereby members of the same species compete for limited resources. This leads to a reduction in fitness for both individuals, but the more fit individual survives and is able to reproduce. [ 1 ]
Competition among members of the same species is known as intraspecific competition, while competition between individuals of different species is known as interspecific competition. According to the competitive exclusion principle , species less suited to compete for resources must either adapt or die out , although competitive exclusion is ...
Competition is often for a resource such as food, water, or territory in limited supply, or for access to females for reproduction. [18] Competition among members of the same species is known as intraspecific competition , while competition between individuals of different species is known as interspecific competition .
This model conditions for coexistence can be directly related to the general coexistence criterion: intraspecific competition, α jj, must be greater than interspecific competition, α ij. The direct expressions for intraspecific and interspecific competition coefficients from the interaction between shared predators and resources are
Interspecific competition, when individuals of different species compete for the same resource in an ecosystem; Interspecific feeding, when adults of one species feed the young of another species; Interspecific hybridization, when two species within the same genus generate offspring. Offspring may develop into adults but may be sterile.
According to competitive-relatedness hypothesis (Cahil et al., 2008 [19]) or phylogenetic limiting similarity hypothesis (Violle et al., 2011 [20]) interspecific competition [21] is high among the species which have similar functional traits, and which compete for similar resources and habitats.
Mutualism can be contrasted with interspecific competition, in which each species experiences reduced fitness, and exploitation, and with parasitism, in which one species benefits at the expense of the other. [2] However, mutualism may evolve from interactions that began with imbalanced benefits, such as parasitism. [3]