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In Italy, the cum laude notation (con lode being the equivalent in Italian) is used as an increasing level of the highest grade for both exams (30/30) and degrees (110/110), in all its levels; Passing an exam cum laude (30 e lode) has usually only an honorific meaning, but sometimes it influences the average grade and can be useful to the ...
A total average of around 14 (70%) earns a distinction grade (cum laude), around 16 (80%) means high distinction (magna cum laude) and an average of around 18 (90%) yields the highest distinction (summa/maxima cum laude). The exact scores for each grade differ between different universities. [31] [32]
It is generally comparable to the magna/summa cum laude distinction in North America. In general, a degree is awarded "cum laude" if the average of grades is at least 8 or 8.5, and no individual grade under 6 or 7 has been awarded. In most cases, the final thesis needs to be awarded at least an 8 or 8.5.
The graduation song is a vital part of the ceremony. It is considered a symbol of the graduating class and is usually chosen by the graduates, although in some cases the class adviser or the teachers may choose the song themselves. The graduates usually try to choose a song that will express their feelings about graduation.
For outstanding results, lode, "praise" or "cum laude," is added to the maximum grade. 30L means 30 cum laude in Latin, 30 con lode in Italian, and 30 with honors in English. [1] [2] [3] Some Universities in Italy used a 100-point scale instead of 110.
In all other years during that time period, the top student only managed to obtain the magna cum laude distinction. Since 2008, to address the difficulty of obtaining the summa cum laude distinction, in a year where no student manages to meet the GPA cut-off, Harvard will now award summa cum laude to the top student of the year. [136]
At university level, in some cases, Latin expressions are used. The Latin grades for a passed final exam in law at the University of Zurich , for example, are " summa cum laude " (excellent), " magna cum laude " (very good), " cum laude " (good) and "rite" (sufficient).
At the other main Flemish university, KU Leuven, the following levels of achievement are used: [3] Cum fructu: if you have obtained a weighted percentage between 50% and 68%; Cum laude: if you have obtained a weighted percentage of at least 68%; Magna cum laude: if you have obtained a weighted percentage of at least 77%