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There are two types of end moraines: terminal and recessional. Terminal moraines mark the maximum advance of the glacier. Recessional moraines are small ridges left as a glacier pauses during its retreat. After a glacier retreats, the end moraine may be destroyed by postglacial erosion. [21]
One theory proposes that as the glacier melts it leaves behind an accumulation of rock debris in the form of annual recessional moraines. These annual glacial advances and recessions cause parallel ridges to form a few metres apart. Because the accumulation of debris is annual, the moraines do not get very large and stand only a few metres high.
Moraine: Built up mound of glacial till along a spot on the glacier. Feature can be terminal (at the end of a glacier, showing how far the glacier extended), lateral (along the sides of a glacier), or medial (formed by the merger of lateral moraines from contributory glaciers). Types: Pulju, Rogen, Sevetti, terminal, Veiki
1.3 Moraines of the Maritimes of Canada and NE United States. 1.4 Moraines of Western Canada. ... This a partial list of glacial moraines.
The Lake Erie basin has two moraines of the same age as the Valparaiso Moraine, the Mississinewa Moraine and the Union Moraine. These moraines formed from the Lake Erie Lobe of the continental glacier. In Michigan the Kalamazoo Moraine is of the same time period. It is the result of the Saginaw lobe of the Laurentian glacier. [9]
Terminal moraines indicate the furthest advance of a glacier. [26] As the glacier advances, sediment is transported to the bottom of the glacier and deposited. When the glacier melts, this unconsolidated debris forms ridges. The shape of a terminal represents the shape of the glacier snout or terminus. [26]
East of the lake, the two moraines may be seen, but west of Lake Success the Harbor Hill moraine overrode and effaced the Ronkonkoma moraine. [4] South of the moraines is a broad outwash plain sloping towards the Atlantic Ocean , much of which has been submerged as ocean levels rose in the post-glacial period.
The Ronkonkoma Moraine, a terminal moraine, predates the Harbor Hill Moraine (which reached Long Island during the Wisconsin Glacial Episode); the Harbor Hill Moraine cut through the Ronkonkoma Moraine's western portions. [2] The Ronkonkoma Moraine and the Harbor Hill Moraine intersect at Lake Success in western Nassau County. [2]